Sphingolipids C-C-C Pseudo glycerol N CH 3 CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC HO OH OPO 3 -CH 2 CH 2 N(CH 3 ) 3 Oligosaccharides Glycolipids Long Chain fatty.

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Presentation transcript:

Sphingolipids C-C-C Pseudo glycerol N CH 3 CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC HO OH OPO 3 -CH 2 CH 2 N(CH 3 ) 3 Oligosaccharides Glycolipids Long Chain fatty acids Sphingomyelin

CH 3 (CH 2 ) 12 C=C-CH-C-CH 2 OH NH H OH C=O R H H Ceramide (N-Acylsphingosine) Ceramide (N-Acylsphingosine) Only trans double bond in any lipid Only trans double bond in any lipid All modifications occur here All modifications occur here SPHINGOLIPIDS

CH 3 (CH 2 ) 12 C=C-CH-C-CH 2 OH NH H OH C=O R H H R CH 3 -(CH 2 ) 12 -C=C-CH-C-CH 2 -OPO-CH 2 CH 2 N(CH 3 ) 3 H H NH C=O O O OH H + Sphingomyelin Ceramide

CH 3 (CH 2 ) 12 C=C-CH-C-CH 2 NH H OH C=O R H H Cerebroside UDP-Glucose UDP CH 3 (CH 2 ) 12 C=C-CH-C-CH 2 OH NH H OH C=O R H H H 2 O C HO O O-  -glycoside bond

SPHINGOLIPIDS SphingomyelinGanglioside G M1 Head piece Hydrophobic Tails

Blood Group Antigens, A,B,O Blood Group Antigens, A,B,O O = Universal donor O Antigen A Antigen B Antigen AB = Universal acceptor -Lacto- Gal GalNAc -Lacto- Glycosphingolipids (no Sialic acid) Glycosphingolipids (no Sialic acid)

Head Piece of Ganglioside Head Piece of Ganglioside Core Oligosaccharide Core Oligosaccharide Gangliosides (with Sialic acid)

Sphingolipid Turnover Tay-Sachs Disease Sphinolipids must turnover to prevent accumulation in neuronal cells Hexosamindase A is missing

ANATOMY OF CHOLESTEROL Cholesterol made up from 5 member isoprene building compounds

Vitamin D 3 7-Dehydrocholesterol HO H3CH3C H3CH3C R H2CH2C H3CH3C R H3CH3C H3CH3C R

TERPENES C-C-C-C C C C C H 2 C=CHC=CH 2 CH 3 Isoprene 2 methyl, 1,3 butadiene Isoprene 2 methyl, 1,3 butadiene 2 isoprene units make up a terpene

C C CC CC C C C C Limonene (lemon) C C C C CC C C C C C C C CC C C C C C H 2 OH All-trans retinol Vitamin A See Strategies p See Strategies p

Linolenic Acid has two isomers (C18 cis delta 3) CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 C=C-CH 2 C=C-CH 2 -C=C-CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 COO - H H HHH H CH 3 CH 2 C=C-CH 2 C=C-CH 2 C=C-CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 COO - H HHHHH  -Linolenic  6,9,12  -Linolenic  9,12,15 Omega 6 Omega 3 Essential omega carbon

CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 C=C-CH 2 C=C-CH 2 C=C-CH 2 C=C-CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 COO - HHH H H H HH Arachidonic Acid (C2 ester of phospholipids) Eicosanoids (C20 Fatty acids) COOH C20: cis  5,8,11,14 PGH 2 prostacyclins prostaglandins thromboxanes OH COOH O O prostaglandin H 2 Aspirin, ibuprofen acetaminophen inhibits PGH 2 Synthase (vasoconstriction, platelet aggregation) (vasodilation) Leukotrienes (inflammations)