Getting Started… On page 41: Title – Elements v. Compound Notes 3 types of Elements (Use Page 214 in your text to write characteristics for each) Metals: Non-Metals: Metalloids:

Page 242-243 Which of the 3 types of elements makes up most of the periodic table? How can you identify the metalloids? List 2 examples of each with your notes.

For each of the following identify the picture as a metal, nonmetal or metalloid. Silicon Copper Mercury

What is an Element? An element is a pure substance that cannot be separated into simpler substances. Turn to page 242-243 in your science textbook.

What is a pure substance? A pure substance is a substance in which there is only one type of particle. Gold is a pure substance that is made up of particles (or atoms) that are all alike.

Water is made up of two different elements. It is not an element.

What is a Compound?

A compound is a pure substance composed of two or more elements that are chemically combined. Microscopic view of the molecules of the compound water (gas phase). Oxygen atoms are red and hydrogen atoms are white.

Most of the substances you see are compounds. Table 1: Page 216 in Text – Familiar Compounds Compound Elements combined Table Salt Sodium and Chlorine Water Hydrogen and Oxygen Vinegar Hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen Carbon Dioxide Carbon and Oxygen Baking Soda Sodium, hydrogen, carbon, and oxygen

For each of the following animations, tell whether they would be considered an element or compound. 1. 2. 3.

Ratio of Elements in a Compound The ratio of Hydrogen atoms to oxygen atoms in water is always 2:1.

A compound has properties that differ from those of the elements that form it.

Breaking down Compounds The only way to break down a compound is through a chemical change.

Electrolysis and Water

Hydrogen as a Fuel Hydrogen is a good, clean fuel, producing only water as a by-product. Unfortunately it produces so much energy that it can get out of control, resulting in an explosion. 2H2O + ENERGY = 2H2 + O2

Heat Heating the compound Mercury(II) Oxide breaks it down into the elements mercury and oxygen.

What is the most important compound on Earth?

Universal Solvent A solvent is a substance in which other substances dissolve. Water is called a universal solvent because most substances dissolve in it.

High Specific Heat Capacity Water is able to absorb a large amount of energy before increasing in temperature. The specific heat capacity of water makes life on earth possible.

Make a double-bubble map comparing and contrasting elements and compounds.

Marie Curie The mineral pitchblende, rich in uranium, gave off more radioactivity than could be accounted for by the uranium