8 th Grade Unit BRUSH THE DIRT OFF YOUR SHOULDERS 7 th Grade Unit

8 th Grade Unit Jackson McCoy was born in Cody, Wyoming in 1912, the youngest of five sons. (Took the last name of his neighbors after he was adopted by them). Introduced to the use of liquid paint in 1936 at an experimental workshop operated in New York City He later used paint pouring as one of several techniques on canvases of the early 1940s By 1947 he began painting with his canvases laid out on the studio floor, and he developed what was later called his "drip" technique, turning to synthetic resin-based paints called alkyd enamels, which, at that time, was a novel medium. He used hardened brushes, sticks, and even basting syringes as paint applicators. Pollock's technique of pouring and dripping paint is thought to be one of the origins of the term action painting By 1960 he was considered to be the most important figure in the art world, to the most important art movement in the US during the century. “Jack The Dripper” was killing it in the art world.

8 th Grade Unit Adopted by his neighbors when both of his parents died within a year of each other. Had to change High Schools after being expelled from one High School. Fought depression in his twenties Had a very volatile personality. It is now hypothesized that he may have suffered from bipolar disorder. Jackson Pollock struggled with his emotions

8 th Grade Unit Jackson Pollock (How he worked)

8 th Grade Unit “I want to express my feelings rather than illustrate them.” -Jackson Pollock Jackson Pollock

8 th Grade Unit Jackson Pollock Work

8 th Grade Unit Born in the Ukraine, she began painting in 1937 She produced both non-objective abstractions and figurative art work. Considered by some to be the original drip painter. Even Jackson Pollock admitted that his work was influenced by her. ( Her career was short due to Jackson Pollock’s popularity. Janet Sobel

8 th Grade Unit Janet Sobel’s Work

8 th Grade Unit Day 1: Reggaeton

8 th Grade Unit Roots in Latin and Caribbean music. Formally known as “Spanish Reggae” in the 1970s Reggaeton can be translated as “Big Reggae”. Invented, shaped and made known in Puerto Rico where it got its name. Gained mainstream exposure in 2004 where it spread to North America, Europe, Asia and African audiences. Day 1: Reggaeton

8 th Grade Unit Blends musical influences of Jamaican dancehall and Trinidadian soca with Salsa, Bomba, Latin Hip- Hop and Electronica. Vocals include rapping and singing typically in Spanish. Has its own specific beat and rhythm or “riddim” which is referred to as “Dem Bow”. “Dem Bow” is a rhythm with heavy influence of Caribbean beats like soca relying heavily on the snare drum. Day 1: Reggaeton (cont.)

8 th Grade Unit EXPRESS YOURSELF!

8 th Grade Unit Day 2: Country Female Country Artist Carrie Underwood

8 th Grade Unit Originated in the rural regions of the Southern United States in the 1920s. Roots in American folk music, Western music and Blues. Consists of ballads and dance tunes with generally simple forms and harmonies. Mostly sting instruments such as banjos, electric and acoustic guitars, fiddles & harmonicas (not a string instrument…I know). Gained popularity in the 1940s and used to be called “Hillbilly Music”. Day 2: Country

8 th Grade Unit In 2009 Country music was the most listened to genre during rush hour & second popular during the morning commute. There are 6 generations of Country Music. We are currently in the 6 th. First generation (1920s): Hillbilly Music Second generation (1930s-1440s): Hillbilly Boogie and Honky Tonk Day 2: Country (cont.)

8 th Grade Unit Third generation (1950s-1960s): Rockabilly, Country Soul & Country Rock. Fourth generation (1970s-1980s): Outlaw Country (Willie Nelson), Country Pop (Dolly Parton) & Truck Driving Country Fifth generation (1990s): Garth Brooks made country music a global phenomenon. Also artists like Reba McEntire, Faith Hill and LeAnn Rimes. Sixth generation (2000s-present): Crossover Country Music. Carrie Underwood, Taylor Swift & Tim McGraw. Day 2: Country (cont.)

8 th Grade Unit EXPRESS YOURSELF!

8 th Grade Unit Day 3: Pop Japanese Pop Group Glay

8 th Grade Unit An abbreviation of “popular”. Originated in the 1950s deriving form rock and roll. Very eclectic, often borrowing elements from other styles including urban, dance, rock, Latin and country. Written in a basic format: often verse-chorus structure. Also melodic tunes and catchy hooks. The sub genre “power pop” feature electric guitars, drums & bass. Day 3: Pop

8 th Grade Unit Originated in the 1970s DJs began isolating the percussive breaks of popular songs. Has recently appropriated spoken passages from rap. Harmony in pop music is often “that of classical European tonality”, on more simple. Day 3: Pop (cont.)

8 th Grade Unit EXPRESS YOURSELF!

8 th Grade Unit Day 4: Hip-Hop Female Hip-Hop Group The Sequence

8 th Grade Unit Also called rap music Consists of a stylized rhythmic music that commonly accompanies rapping. Rapping- a rhythmic and rhyming speech that is chanted. Rapping not a required component of hip-hop music. key sylistic elements in hip-hop culture include: Mcing/rapping, Djing/scratching, break dancing and graffiti writing, sampling and beatboxing. Day 4: Hip-Hop

8 th Grade Unit Also called rap music Consists of a stylized rhythmic music that commonly accompanies rapping. Rapping- a rhythmic and rhyming speech that is chanted. Rapping not a required component of hip-hop music. key sylistic elements in hip-hop culture include: Mcing/rapping, Djing/scratching, break dancing and graffiti writing, sampling and beatboxing. Day 4: Hip-Hop

8 th Grade Unit Originated in the 1970s when DJs began isolating the percussive breaks of popular songs. DJ Kool Herc (considered the father of hip-hop). He began using two turntable to extend the breaks. Hip Hop began to evolve when sampling technology and drum machines became widely available to the general public in the 1980s Rapping or Mcing was incorporated in the early 80s and is almost always in 4/4 time signature. Day 4: Hip-Hop (cont.)

8 th Grade Unit Rapping also brought about the incorporation of synthesizers, drum machines and live bands. Rappers may write, memorize, or improvise (freestyle) their lyrics. In the early 80s The Sequence was the first all female group to release a rap record. Hip Hop culture gets it’s influence from almost every genre of music imaginable. Day 4: Hip-Hop (cont.)

8 th Grade Unit New School Hip-Hop ( ): Run D.M.C and LL Cool J. Notable for boasts about rapping and social political commentary, both delivered in an aggressive and self- assertive style. Influenced by rock music. Golden Age Hip-Hop (Mid s): Innovation, Influence, Diversity and Quality. Strong themes of Afro centrism and political militancy. Strong Jazz influence. Public Enemy Gangta Rap or West Coast Hip Hop (Mid 1980s origins): Reflects the violent lifestyles of inner-city American black youths. Co-Pioneered by Ice-T. Most commercially lucrative subgenre of hip hop in the late 1980s and early 90s. Mainstream Hip Hop (1990s-): 1990 “The year that hip hop exploded” – Billboard editor Paul Grein. MC Hammer, Dr. Dre, Snoop Dogg, Wu-Tang Clan, etc. Best selling genre of the mid-1990s. “Rap is the rock n’ roll of the day. Rock n’ roll was about attitude, rebellion, a big beat, sex and sometimes, social comment. If that’s what you’re looking for now, you’re going to find it here”. – Bill Adler, Time Day 4: Hip-Hop Brief Timeline after the 80s

8 th Grade Unit EXPRESS YOURSELF!

8 th Grade Unit Day 5: Classical Juan Crisóstomo “The Spanish Mozart”

8 th Grade Unit Rooted in the traditions of Western music Roughly the 11 th century till now. Central norms came between 1550 and Staff notation used since the 16 th century to prescribe to the performer the pitch, speed, meter, individual rhythms and exact execution of a piece of music. The term “classical music” did not appear until the early 19 th century in an attempt to label the period form Bach to Beethoven as a golden age. Day 5: Classical

8 th Grade Unit Noted for its development of highly sophisticated forms of instrumental music: concerto, symphony, opera, etc. Composers and performers of classical music are faced with goals of technical mastery. Western classical music’s origins go back as far as the ancient Egyptian orchestra, which goes back to the ancient Greeks and even the Roman Empire (476 AD). Day 5: Classical (cont.)

8 th Grade Unit Early Music Period ( ): multi-voiced music Renaissance ( ): greater use of instrumentation, multiple interweaving melodic lines and first use of bass instruments. Social dancing became more widespread. String instruments such as the viol emerged, as well as a wider variety of brass and reed instruments. 15 th century printing enabled the standardization of descriptions and specifications of instruments and instruction in their use. Common Practice Period including Baroque ( ): Classical music took shape. Baroque music characterized by the use of complex tonal counterpoint and use of a continuous bass line. Music became more complex by comparison. Keyboard music played on the harpsichord and pipe organ became increasingly popular. The violin family took the form generally seen today. Bach. Classical ( ): Piano became the predominant keyboard instrument. The basic elements of an orchestra became somewhat standardized. Opera continued to develop. Day 5: Brief timeline of Classical music periods.

8 th Grade Unit Romantic ( ): characterized by increased attention to expressive and emotional elements paralleling art of that time. High demand for pianos and piano builders. Many symphony orchestras founded during this period. Brass instruments took a larger role due to the introduction of rotary valves. This allowed them to play a wider range of notes. Modern and Contemporary period ( ): rejection of most common period practices. Musician trying to achieve greater levels of control in their composition process. Birth of electronic music in this genre. The personal computer had become an essential component of the electronic musician’s equipment, superseding analog synthesizers and fulfilling the traditional functions of composition and scoring, synthesis and sound processing, sampling of audio input, and control over external equipment. Day 5: Brief timeline of Classical music periods.

8 th Grade Unit EXPRESS YOURSELF!