Monarchy in England Tudor Dynasty Queen Elizabeth I ( ) –the last Tudor monarch –daughter of Henry VIII –forced to work w/ Parliament –thus, NO _______________ –1213: Magna Carta gave rights t/t Nobility First document to _____________ –Strengthened the Anglican Church –Encouraged British pirates to attack Spanish ships Never married Virginia named in her honor

The Rise of James I of England NOT a Tudor, but o/t STUART Dynasty –from Scotland Attempts to bring back Absolutism –Parliament resisted King James Bible Puritans challenged his power

Charles I ( ) son of James I Petition of Rights (1628) –No tax w/o Parliament –No jail w/o justification –No housing of soldiers –No martial law w/o war 1629 dissolves Parliamentdissolves Parliament –due to Puritan attempt to abolish appointment of Bishops to Anglican Church Led to English Civil War

The English Civil War ( ) King vs Parliament Royalists vs Roundheads Oliver Cromwell leader o/t Roundheads –Commander-in-Chief of Parliaments army –well disciplined army –King surrenders in 1646 –removed any Parliamentarian that disagreed w/ him RUMP Parliament Charles I found guilty of treason and BEHEADED BEHEADED England becomes a Commonwealth Movie: “To Kill a King”

The RESTORATION Cromwell’s rule collapses The monarchy is restored by Parliament Charles II is crowned ( ) –w/ restrictions 1665: plague kills 100,000 in London alone 1679: Habeas Corpus Act –accused have right to trial

The GLORIOUS REVOLUTION 1688 Charles II brother, James II comes to power –was Catholic attempts to restore Absolutism William and Mary –daughter of James II –were Protestants living i/t Netherlands –James II fled to France w/o a fight –Forced to sign English Bill of Rights Constitutional Monarchy Rule of Law over Divine Right