Anatomy: studies the form of body parts Physiology: studies the function of body parts Definitions
Structural Organization or Hierarchy of Life Atoms Molecules Macromolecules Cells Tissue Organs Organ Systems Organisms
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Definition of Tissue Groups of structurally similar cells performing a common function
Four Types of Tissue Epithelial Connective Muscle Nervous
Epithelial Tissue Covers outside of body Lines organs and body cavities Examples: skin, mucous membranes, lining of digestive tract Barrier against mechanical injuries, microbes, and fluid loss Production of secretions
Three Types of Epithelial 1.Simple: single layer lining of body cavities, ducts, and tubes
Three Types of Epithelial 2. Stratified: multiple layers skin
Three Types of Epithelial 3. Pseudostratified: false layers 1 layer attached to base, but appears multi-layered due to inconsistent shapes and nuclei location glands
Three Shapes of Epithelial 1.Squamous: irregular, flattened square blood vessels and lungs
Three Shapes of Epithelial 2. Cuboidal: cube glands and nephrons
Three Shapes of Epithelial 3. Columnar: rectangle on end lining of digestive and respiratory tract
Must combine type and shape for description
Connective Tissue Binds and supports other tissue All types, except blood, secrete fibers of structural proteins collagen and elastin
Types of Connective Tissue Loose: holds organs in place Located beneath skin and most epithelia Function: elasticity, diffusion
Types of Connective Tissue Dense, irregular: In skin and capsules around some organs Function: structural support
Types of Connective Tissue Dense, regular: Tendons, ligaments Function: strength, elasticity
Types of Connective Tissue Cartilage: Nose, ends of long bones, airways, vertebrate embryo Function: support, flex, low-friction (Chondrocytes)
Types of Connective Tissue Bone: Mineralized calcium salts and bone cells Function: movement, support, protection (Osteocytes)
Types of Connective Tissue Adipose: Tightly packed fat cells Located under skin, around heart and kidneys Function: energy storage, insulation, padding
Types of Connective Tissue Blood: Plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets
Muscle Tissue Cells that contract Three types of muscle tissue: 1. Skeletal 2. Cardiac 3. Smooth
Nervous Tissue Senses stimuli and transmits impulses Neurons = nerve cells
Definition of Organs Groups of different tissue types that work together to carry out a specific function