Civics & Government Review

Civics The Study of citizenship.

Separation of Powers The government is divided into three separate branches.

Limited Government The government cannot do anything it wants.

Check and Balances The name of system that explains how the branches of government limit each other.

Federalism The division of power between National, State, and Local Government.

Popular Sovereignty People have the power. This power is exercised by voting.

Republicanism We elect officials to represent us. Example: President Barack Obama and Senator Kay Hagan)

Individual Rights People are born with these and it is the government’s job to protect them

Geography The study of the physical features of the Earth and human interaction with the Earth.

Economics The Study of Production and the Consumption of goods and services

NC is 1 st !  Mecklenburg Resolves In ignoring the King (may 1775)  Halifax Resolves In declaring independence (april 1776) documents

Declaration of Independence – Declares independence from England – Unalienable Rights Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness – Grievances – “All men are created equal” Author: Thomas Jefferson July 4 th 1776 documents

Articles of Confederation – First US Government ( ) – Weak National Gov’t – Strong State Gov’t documents 12 US Constitution

Bill of Rights – 1791 – 1 st 10 amendments of the US Constitution – Gov’t must protect your rights Lists the specific rights documents

NC Constitution – 1776 Basic Government – 1868 Civil War – 1971 Rewrite NC constitution documents

Brown v. Board of Education (1954) – Achieved equal access to Education Civil Rights Act of 1964 – Prohibited discrimination (work, school, in public) Voting Rights Act of 1965 – Protect African-American Voting Rights Fair Housing Act of 1968 – Prohibited discrimination (purchase or rental of a home)

What was the disagreement? Federalists vs. Anti-Federalists – Who gets more power? National Gov’t or State Gov’t Healthcare – Liberal: Gov’t should provide it for everyone – Conservative: Buy your own Immigration – Liberal: anyone can be a US citizen – Conservative: LEGAL immigration only

Picketing – People gather together to protest something often carrying a sign – Examples: Civil Rights Protests

Boycotts – To stop buying something in order to make a statement and to hurt your opponent economically – Examples: Montgomery Bus Boycott

Sit-Ins – a protest in which people sit or stay in a place and refuse to leave until they are given what they demand – Examples: Greensboro

Marches – action by a mass group of people in favor of a cause in order to call attention to the cause – Examples: March on Washington

Lobbying – Persuading elected official to make specific laws (usually involves favors and money) – Examples: NRA