Sculpture Chapter 10

Sculpture- 3 dimensional artwork created to exist in space as we do Sculpture in the round-a freestanding sculpture that can be seen from any side Relief- a sculpture that is not free standing, but projects from a background Low relief/bas relief-the projection from the background is slight, like a coin

Apollo. c. 415 B.C.E. Diameter 1-1/8". Photograph: Hirmer Fotoarchiv, Munich Germany. Apollo. c. 415 B.C.E. Diameter 1-1/8". Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc.

Angkor Wat

Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc. Eliot Elisofon, Life Magazine © TimePix. Army on the March. Relief from Angkor Wat, The Great Temple of the Khmers, Cambodia. 1100–1150. Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc.

Angkor Wat Angkor wat- literally means city temple Originally built as a temple to the Hindu god Vishnu Became a Buddhist temple Army on the March is a delicate low relief carved in stone Notice the rhythm of the spears and it’s contrast with the curving foliage

Corporate Wars: Wall of Influence By: Robert Longo High relief sculpture-more than half the natural circumference of the modeled form projects from the surface Figures are often undercut

Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc. Metro Pictures. Robert Longo. Corporate Wars: Wall of Influence. Middle portion. 1982. 7' × 9'. Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc.

Modeling Additive process-a pliable material, such as wax, clay, plaster is built up and pushed into a final form Armature-a stiff inner support that keeps the material from sagging

Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc. Princeton University Art Museum. Museum purchase, Fowler McCormick, Class of 1921, Fund, in honor of Gillett G. Griffi Ballplayer with Three-Part Yoke and Bird Headdress. Maya Classic Period. A.D. 600–800. 34.2 × 17.8 cm. Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc.

Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc. San Francisco Museum of Modern Art, Gift of the Art Council. © Estate of Robert Arneson/Licensed by VAGA, New York, NY. Robert Arneson. California Artist. 1982. 68-1/4" × 27-1/2" × 20-1/4" (173.4 × 69.9 × 51.4 cm). Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc.

Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc. L.A. Louver. Ken Price. Vink. 2009. 9" × 20" × 11". Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc.

Casting Allows the artist to make the piece on a pliable material like clay or wax and then convert it into a permanent material like bronze Mold-a mold is made of the original work and then the new material is poured into the mold Traditional a cast is made using metal, but now there are new resins and plastics used to create very realistic surfaces

Charles Ray. Self-Portrait. 1990. 75" × 26" × 20". Copyright © Charles Ray/Courtesy Matthew Marks Gallery, New York. Charles Ray. Self-Portrait. 1990. 75" × 26" × 20". Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc.

Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc. Collection of Barry Sloane, Los Angeles. Courtesy of Rosamund Felsen Gallery, Santa Monica. Kaz Oshiro. Tailgate (OTA). 2006. 53" × 17-7/8" × 1-3/4". Bottom edge 12" from wall. Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc.

Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc. Courtesy of the artist and Luhring Augustine and Environmental Justice Foundation (EFT). Rachel Whiteread. Public Art Fund Watertower Project. 1997. 12' high, 9' diameter. Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc.

Carving Carving Subtractive process-removing parts of the original material to reveal the sculpture This type of sculpture is very unforgiving, mistakes are hard or impossible to correct Different types of stone dictate different types of carvings

Stones Wood Walnut and cypress are strong woods often preferred Marble is a tradition material that is soft and relatively stable, but can be damaged in weather Granite is great for outdoors, but is hard to carve fine detail into because of it’s hardness Sandstone/limestone is easy to carve but will be worn down by weather Jade was used in China. Beautiful but can crack easily Basalt is a rough stone used in many Mexican Olmecs that is hard to carve detail into Walnut and cypress are strong woods often preferred Joint block construction-different parts of the sculpture are carved separately and then put together

Michelangelo Buonarroti. Awakening Slave. 1530–1534. Height 9'. Nimatallah/Art Resource, N.Y. Michelangelo Buonarroti. Awakening Slave. 1530–1534. Height 9'. Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc.

Massive Stone Head. 12th–10th Centuries B.C.E. Olmec. Height 65". Werner Forman/Anthropology Museum, Mexico/Art Resource, N.Y. Massive Stone Head. 12th–10th Centuries B.C.E. Olmec. Height 65". Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc.

Elizabeth Catlett. Mother and Child #2. 1971. Height 38". Photograph by Samella Lewis. © Elizabeth Catlett/ Licensed by VAGA, New York. Elizabeth Catlett. Mother and Child #2. 1971. Height 38". Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc.

Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc. The Nelson Atkins Museum of Art, Kansas City, Missouri. Purchase: William Rockhill Nelson Trust 34-10. Photograph: Jamison Miller. Guanyin of the Southern Sea (Nanhai Guanyin). Chinese. 11th–12th Century, Liao Dynasty (907–1125). 95" × 65" (241.3 × 165.1 cm). Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc.

Constructing and Assembling In the past, the accepted forms of traditional sculpture were modeling, carving and casting Assemblage and constructed pieces are, made from multiple parts or materials and assembled in a new way Ex: welding, nailing, gluing… Found object art-using old or abandoned objects to create an artwork

Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc. Courtesy L.A. Louver, Venice. © Deborah Butterfield/Licensed by VAGA, New York, NY. Deborah Butterfield. Conure. 2007. 92-1/2" × 119" × 30" (235 × 302.3 × 76.2 cm). Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc.

Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc. Salmatina Gallery. Marc André Robinson. Throne for the Greatest Rapper of All Time. 2005. 76" × 69" × 48". Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc.

Kinetic Sculpture Kinetic Sculpture-a sculpture that moves

Mixed Media Mixed media-using multiple types of materials to create one artwork

Lara Schnitger. Grim Boy. 2005. 71" × 59" × 20". Anton Kern Gallery, New York. Lara Schnitger. Grim Boy. 2005. 71" × 59" × 20". Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc.

Matthew Monahan. The Seller and the Sold. 2006. 67" × 25" × 25". Modern Art. Matthew Monahan. The Seller and the Sold. 2006. 67" × 25" × 25". Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc.

Installations and Site-Specific Art Installation- transforms a space into the artwork

Richard Serra. Tilted Arc. 1981. Height 12'. AP Photo/Mario Cabrera Richard Serra. Tilted Arc. 1981. Height 12'. Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc.

Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc. Photo: Jens Ziehe. Courtesy the artist; neugerriemschneider. Berlin: and Tanya Bonakdar Gallery, New York © Olafur Eliasson 2003. Olaf Eliasson. The Weather Project (The Unilever Series). 2003. 26.7 m × 22.3 m × 155.4 m. Copyright ©2011, ©2009 Pearson Prentice Hall Inc.