Water Shared Resources Water & Energy Instruments for peace José Egea Ibañez Professor Doctor Agronomical Engineering President Royal Economical Society of Murcia 1

2 The basins of the rivers and their tributaries are geographical units.

3 They can be the source of wealth for multiple regions, as well as vehicles of knowledge and peace.

4 River basins are a unity, and should be managed accordingly bearing in mind: 1.Geology: streams, creeks and tributaries to the main river. 2.The different flow quantity of various rivers to the point where the dam project is to be located. 3.Rainfall levels over a period of studied patterns.

5 Water benefits all regions within the basin in three ways: 1.Human consumption 2.Agriculture & industry 3.Energy

6 Regulation of the river basins provides: Management of the resources: Human consumption Agriculture and industry Energy Forecast and control of hazards: floods, droughts, etc..

7 All areas of the river basin should negotiate and agree, the terms in which they manage and exploit this, and how it will benefit everyone. This is known as a:

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9 A hydrological strategy requires the use of dams with the following purposes: 1.Regulate flows 2.Redistribute water for multiple uses 3.Produce energy

10 The production of hydrological energy has many advantages: Its clean It produces energy at constant rates They last for decades The water can be reused once it has left the dam and back to the original course of the river

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12 The agreement between Spain and Portugal has been a common effort of negotiation and mutual understanding which took almost 150 years: Negotiations started in 1846 First agreement in 1927 Hidroelectrical agreement in Includes 4 rivers: Miño Duero Tajo Guadiana The Tajo-Segura delivers water to the southeast region of Spain

13 Portugal Spain River Tajo River Duero River Miño River Guadiana

14 Portugal River Tajo Spain Tajo-Segura canal

Energy use requires several reservoirs : 24 reservoirs are located at various locations along the course of the canal in order to keep reusing water Forecast and control of hazards: floods, droughts, etc. 15

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The Agreement: a result of a technical effort and a will of understanding The Transfer Tajo-Segura delivers water from the Tajo basin to the Segura: It required numerous studies and the development of a strategy aimed at agricultural production, increased employment It involved technical excelence as well as innovation. All these involved the management of water distribution according with the required supplies of M3 per hectare. 17

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19 This is the result of a Common Hydrological strategy

Thank You Water & Energy Instruments for peace José Egea Ibañez Professor Doctor Agronomical Engineering President Royal Economical Society of Murcia 20