The Aztecs. Background  The Aztecs originally lived in the desert lands of Northern Mexico  In 1168, Huitzilopochtli (wheets-eel- oh-POCH-tlee), the.

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Presentation transcript:

The Aztecs

Background  The Aztecs originally lived in the desert lands of Northern Mexico  In 1168, Huitzilopochtli (wheets-eel- oh-POCH-tlee), the God of the Aztecs, commanded the people to migrate south and told them to look for an eagle perching on a cactus.  There they should settle and build a great city.

Huitzilopochtli

The Valley of Mexico  For over 150 years the Aztecs travelled over mountain ranges and through river valleys.  In 1325 the Aztecs arrived in the “Valley of Mexico”

Mexico

The Valley of Mexico   It was a wide plain with fertile land, plentiful water and a mild climate BUT many of thousands of people already lived there.   The only unoccupied land the Aztecs could find was a swampy island at one end of a broad lake.   There they saw the eagle on the cactus

Tenochtitlan  This is where the Aztecs build the home they called Tenochtitlan (The- noch-TEE-tlahn) and over the next 200 years transformed the island into one of the greatest cities the world has ever seen

The Rocky Mountains  What do you think about when you look at a picture of the Rocky Mountains?  Skiing? Hiking?  Why are they an important Canadian landmark?

Aztec Mountains  The Aztecs thought of mountains as being a sacred or holy site  Because of it’s height it brought people closer to the Gods  Based on this information why do you suppose the Aztecs built pyramids?  The mountains also provided a sense of security.  The mountains also caused them many problems – flash floods, mountains blocked out rainclouds -droughts

Poetry  Poetry was very highly valued in Aztec society  By creating poetry the Aztecs felt they were imitating their God Ometeotl (oh-meh- THE-ohtl) the creator of the universe  During peaceful times, writing poetry was considered the only worthy pastime of an Aztec warrior

Lake Texcoco  Lake Texcoco surrounded Tenochtitlan and provided safety  The Aztecs built 3 bridges that connected the mainland but could be destroyed for protection

Chinampa  Floating islands built in the water around Tenochtitlan to grow crops.

Mexico City  The capital city of Mexico, Mexico City, is built on the ruins of Tenochtitlan.

 The Spanish destroyed the city after they conquered it in 1521 and built their city on the Aztec ruins and the lake bed.  A century later they brought in engineers to drain the lake surrounding the city.  Today more than 20 million people live in Mexico City

Mexico City is Sinking  To provide water for this huge population, the underground water beneath the city is being drained.  Because the water is being drained faster than it can fill up the city is sinking.  According to estimates, in the last 100 years the city has sunk more than 900 meters.

Aztec Gods

Questions  What is religion?  Why do we have religion?  Why are there so many different religions?  Why do most religions have one central God?  In what ways do people sacrifice for their God?

Huitzilopochtli  Aztecs believed that they needed the blood of sacrificial victims to give him strength to overcome the nights darkness.  He was the Aztec’s tribal God and had warlike aspects.

Tezcatipoca  Tezcatipoca – Name means “Smoking Mirror”, most powerful of the Gods, uses a black mirror to see visions of the future. Also called Lord of the Night Sky, he was locked into eternal battle with Huitzopochtli

Quetzalcoatl  The God of wind, name means “feathered serpent” The priests offered him flowers, incense and birds.  He left Mexico after a fight with Tezcatlipoca, sailing to the east on a raft of snake skins.

Tlaloc  The God of rain, Tlaloc could unleash deadly floods or withhold rains for years causing drought and famine.  The Aztecs feared him because he controlled their survival.

Human Sacrifice  What is it?  Why is it practiced?  Where does it come from?  Does it still exist?  2 videos

Human Sacrifice for the Aztecs  The Aztecs believed that victim’s blood nourished the gods  If the Gods were not fed the blood the Aztecs believed the would grow sick and die and then the world would end.  One of the reasons war was so important was because it gave them the opportunity to capture new victims

You Wouldn’t Want to Be an Aztec Sacrifice!

What do you think about Human Sacrifice?

Modern Day Cults-Jonestown Massacres  People’s Temple - cult from California, moved to Guyana, South America  Led by Jim Jones

Jim Jones  On November 18, 1978, 909 Temple members died in Jonestown, all but two from apparent cyanide poisoning  Jones's 912 followers were given a deadly concoction of a purple drink mixed with cyanide, sedatives, and tranquilizers.  Jones apparently shot himself in the head.

September 11 – Why did it happen?

Essay  What is your opinion of human sacrifice?  Do some research, find out why it is practiced.  Do you believe it was ok for the Aztecs? Why? Why not?  Is it ok now? Why? Why not?

Think About Your Values  What kinds of things would you be willing to make the “ultimate sacrifice” for?  What would compel you to ignore your personal safety?  Would you die for something?  Religion, Family, Friends, Money, Occupation, Love, Country, House, Greater Good (9-11)?  What is something or someone you value and what would you give up for that person or thing?

Non-Materialistic What/ who would you want to help? What would you give up to help them?  Mom  Dad  Husband  Dog  Country  Sports  Education  Job  Kidney  Blood RANK THEM 1-5

What is an Idol?   an image or representation of a god used as an object of worship  watch?v=LgkdFgRCoXA (American Idol 2014: Season 13 Episode 1 (Full Episode) 1:22:02 watch?v=LgkdFgRCoXA watch?v=LgkdFgRCoXA  Why is the show called American Idol?

Your Idol  Think about an Idol that you would want to celebrate. It should represent something non-material.  What is their name?  What are they in charge of?  What would they look like?  What would you do to keep them happy?  Would you sacrifice anything for them?  What holidays would you have for them?  How would you celebrate those holidays?

Turquoise Mask of Xiuhtecuhtli the god of fire; Aztec, 14th Century

Tibetan Religious Idols

Hindu Idols

Requirements  Full sentences answering the previous questions  A coloured picture of your Idol  Any additional photos/ pictures to further explain your Idol, festivals etc. (shrine, food, parties)