Using Graphic Organizers to Aid In Reading Comprehension Teacher In-service August 16, 2004

Reading Comprehension is taught across the curriculum ·Anytime a teacher uses written material, reading comprehension is taught ·Narrative reading taught in English ·Expository reading taught in Social Studies & Science ·Persuasive reading taught in Social Studies ·Technical reading taught in Science, Math, PE, Computer, Life Skills

Number of Questions on State Reading Assessments 5th grade8th grade11th grade Now/2005 Narrative26/3024/2026/20 Expository27/3026/3025/30 Technical21/2025/20 Persuasive26/2025/3024/30

Why is Teaching Reading Comprehension Important? ·In 1997, National Assessment of Educational Progress found half of 9, 13, 17 year olds read less than 10 pages a day, including school work ·15-30% of all adults cannot read a newspaper, recipe, or coupon ·90% of reading done by adults is for information, 10% is for pleasure

Interactive Elements of Reading ·“Reading transcends the mere transmission of information: It fosters an imaginative dialog between the text and the reader’s mind that actually helps people think.” Stratford P Sherman, author of “America Won’t Win Till It Reads More” Reader Text Features Context

Active Readers: ·Use prior knowledge before they begin reading ·Use text structures to aid in comprehension ·Think about what they are reading ·Have a plan before reading ·Monitor understanding while reading ·Evaluate after reading

How can graphic organizers help? ·Allows teachers to model reading strategies ·They are visual representations of skills needed for active readers ·Can be used throughout the reading process ·Can be used to understand different text structures

Graphic Organizers to Use Before Reading ·KWLKWL ·Brainstorming ·Vocabulary ·Semantic Mapping

KWL Chart

Graphic Organizers to Use During Reading ·Column NotesColumn Notes ·Fact/Opinion ·Venn Diagrams ·Character Maps ·Problem-Solution Frames ·Comparison/Contrast ·Vocabulary Maps ·Spider Maps ·Sequence Maps ·Story MapsStory Maps ·Cause-and-Effect Fishbone Maps

Example of Column Notes Topics TopicExplanationDetails VocabularyDefinitionUse in Sentence QuestionsBook NotesClass Discussion CauseEffectExplanation TopicAdvantagesDisadvantages Key Term/Concept In my own words Picture

Ideas for Story Mapping HistoryEnglishScience Setting Where & when Time & Conditions Characters Who were the key players? Who were the major characters? Equipment used Plot:Problem /Goal What problems were encountered? What event starts the story? What is your hypothesis? Plot:Events Key eventsKey episodesSteps in experiment Resolution What resulted?What was resolved? What were the results? Theme What is learned? What is the universal truth? What do results mean?

Graphic Organizers to Use After Reading ·Venn Diagrams ·Compare and Contrast ·Sequence ·KWL ·SummarySummary ·

Summary Read the entire selection and, as you read, list the main idea words on the graphic organizer. Write a summary of the selection using as many of the main idea words as possible. Imagine you have $2.00 and each word you use is worth ten cents.

Things you found out: 2 Interesting things: 1 Question you still have:

Graphic Organizers to Use for Narrative Text ·Character Maps ·Story Maps ·Spider Maps ·Fishbone ·Sequence Chart ·Network Chart ·Venn Diagram ·Summary ·Vocabulary Map

Graphic Organizers to Use for Expository Text ·Sequence ·Compare & Contrast ·Problem/Solution ·Network ·Fishbone Cause & Effect ·Venn Diagram ·Story Map ·Definition Map ·Cycle

Graphic Organizers to Use with Persuasive Text ·Compare & Contrast ·Problem/Solution ·Fishbone Cause & Effect ·Fact-Opinion ·Venn Diagram ·Opinion/Proof

Resources · · · tmhttp:// tm · ·Teaching Reading in the Content Areas by Rachel Billmeyer & Mary Lee Barton ·Strategic Teaching and Reading Project by NCREL ·Reading Strategies and Practices by Robert J. Tierney John E. Readence ·Improving Reading by Jerry L. Johns & Susan Davis Lenski