By: Jared J. De Hoyos Rivera and Luis J. Rosas Román

There are four main types of excretion: -Urinary system -Integumentary system -Digestive system -Respiratory system

The urinary system produces, store, and removes liquid from the body and help maintain homeostasis. The organs include two kidney, two ureters, the bladder, and urethra.

A kidney is a bean-shaped organ that filters, or removes, waste from blood. You have two kidneys, that are near the back wall of your abdomen. Each of your kidneys are about the size of your fist and are a dark red color. The kidneys filter the blood and produce urine in two stages. You will learn about these in the next slide.

Blood is constantly circulating and filtering. The kidney are able to filter about 180 L of blood plasma. Your body contains about 3 L of blood plasma. That means blood supply is filter about 60 times each day. The filtration in cluster of capillaries.

To regain some of the water from the first filtration, the kidney filter the water collected. During the second filtration 99% of water and nutrients from the first filtration are separated and reabsorbed. The remaining liquid and waste products form urine.

Urine leaves the kidney through a tube called the ureter. The ureter is down the kidney.

The bladder is a muscular sac that holds urine until the urine is excreted. The bladder is like a balloon, it contracts when full or empty. An adult bladder holds 0.5 L of urine.

Urine leaves the bladder through the urethra;. The urethra contains sphincters. It controls release of urine.

A urinary disorder is a disease that affects one or more organs. Several disorders are relatively common. Most cause respiratory infections.

Urinary DiosderDescriptionPossible Causes Kidney Disease The nephrons are damaged and the ability of kidney's to filter blood is reduced. Diabetes, high blood pressure, poisons, trauma. Urinary Tract Infection Infections can occur in kidney and ureters. Symptoms are burning while urination, and blood. Bacteria in the urinary system. Kidney Stones Are solid substances that forms in kidney’s. The most common is made of calcium. Stones pass through urinary system. Calcium buildup in kidney. Bladder Control Problems The bladder releases urine involuntarily. Occurs in women more often. Urinary tract infections, muscle weakness, prostate enlargement.

The excretory system filters waste from the blood. Another example of maintaining homeostasis is the removal of waste from the digestive system. An the excretory system also interacts with the nervous system. The hypothalamus is an area of the brain that helps maintain homeostasis. One of the functions of the hypothalamus is to control secretion of some hormones.

Mr. Parr