Neolithic Revolution Notes

Ancient World Five places in the Ancient World developed complex political & social organization Five places in the Ancient World developed complex political & social organization Mesopotamia (Tigris & Euphrates) Mesopotamia (Tigris & Euphrates) Egypt (Nile) Egypt (Nile) Harappa (Indus) Harappa (Indus) China (Huang He and Yangtze) China (Huang He and Yangtze) Mesoamerica (delayed development) Mesoamerica (delayed development)

Neolithic Revolution Domestication of Plants Domestication of Plants Led to increased population Led to increased population Societies hunted and farmed simultaneously Societies hunted and farmed simultaneously Domestication of Animals Domestication of Animals Animals provided a source of energy (plow) Animals provided a source of energy (plow) Animals provided calories from protein (meat) Animals provided calories from protein (meat) Animal dung fertilized the soil Animal dung fertilized the soil

Neolithic Inventions Bricks (8000 BCE) Bricks (8000 BCE) Basketry (7000 BCE) Basketry (7000 BCE) Pottery (6500 BCE) Pottery (6500 BCE) Weaving/Spinning/Cloth/Loom (6000 BCE) Weaving/Spinning/Cloth/Loom (6000 BCE) Beer (5000 BCE) Beer (5000 BCE) The Wheel (3000 BCE) The Wheel (3000 BCE) Silk (2850 BCE) Silk (2850 BCE) Bronze Metallurgy (3000 BCE) Bronze Metallurgy (3000 BCE)

BRONZE > Ancient Civilizations Bronze tools allow farming in river valleys Bronze tools allow farming in river valleys Used to farm the hillsides Used to farm the hillsides Bronze tools needed to plow the dense earth Bronze tools needed to plow the dense earth River valleys more fertile > more pop. River valleys more fertile > more pop. Bronze weapons monopolized by wealthy Bronze weapons monopolized by wealthy Allowed those that controlled bronze to rule over the masses Allowed those that controlled bronze to rule over the masses Size of armies was limited due to cost of bronze Size of armies was limited due to cost of bronze

1.1.What was the Neolithic Revolution and in what ways was it influenced by environment? 1.1.What was the Neolithic Revolution and in what ways was it influenced by environment? 1.2.How did the Neolithic Revolution impact social and gender roles? 1.2.How did the Neolithic Revolution impact social and gender roles? Why did sedentary and nomadic cultures develop such distinct PSE (political, social, and economic) differences? In what ways did they interact? Why did sedentary and nomadic cultures develop such distinct PSE (political, social, and economic) differences? In what ways did they interact? 1.3.What does the term civilization mean? What characteristics are necessary for a society to be considered a civilization? 1.3.What does the term civilization mean? What characteristics are necessary for a society to be considered a civilization? Compare and contrast the 5 Foundations Civilizations (4 River Valley and Olmec/Chavin) in the following ways. Focus more on identifying similarities than differences: Compare and contrast the 5 Foundations Civilizations (4 River Valley and Olmec/Chavin) in the following ways. Focus more on identifying similarities than differences: a.Locationb.State organization a.Locationb.State organization c.Family / genderd.Technology c.Family / genderd.Technology e.Belief systemsf.Social organization e.Belief systemsf.Social organization How did early states use law, language, systems of record keeping (writing), literature, religion, myth, and monumental building to unify and maintain control? Discuss at least one early region of state expansion and/or empire building: Mesopotamia, Babylonia, or the Nile Valley How did early states use law, language, systems of record keeping (writing), literature, religion, myth, and monumental building to unify and maintain control? Discuss at least one early region of state expansion and/or empire building: Mesopotamia, Babylonia, or the Nile Valley Identify the major world beliefs that developed during this period (including animism). List for each: Identify the major world beliefs that developed during this period (including animism). List for each: a.date and place of originb.founder a.date and place of originb.founder c.basic beliefs / principles / deity(ies)d.sacred texts c.basic beliefs / principles / deity(ies)d.sacred texts e.social/ cultural features e.social/ cultural features Essential Questions