Informational Text - Cohen and Cowan - Chapter 9.

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Presentation transcript:

Informational Text - Cohen and Cowan - Chapter 9

What is Informational Text?  Expository text  Magazines  Lists  Guides  How-to books  Newspapers  Menus  Maps  Schedules  Cookbooks  Pamphlets  Charts & Graphs

Research tells us:  Elementary children love it; can retell and discuss  4 th grade drop > introduced too suddenly too late  Adults read 75% more than fiction  96% on Internet = informational text  1 st graders write & read better if exposed to: 1/3 INFORMATIONAL 1/3 NARRATIVE  1/3 POETRY  Combo helps low literacy learners

More research:  Easier for ELL’s  Easier for learning disabilities readers

Informational Text Features To help locate info quickly: (See figure 10-1 pp )  Print Features  Graphic aids  Organizational aids

Print Features  Bold  Colored  Special font  Italics  Old fashioned type  Cursive

Visual & Graphic Aids  Table of Contents  Index  Glossary

Descriptive Text Structure  No clue words  Most difficult  Visual map helps  Graphic organizers

Listing Text & Sequencing  Clue words:  First, then, before, after, not long, finally  Helped by visual clue:  Time line (vertical)  Sequence time

Response (Probem/solution) Structure  Presents problem or question  Followed by solution or answer  Clue words: the problem is, the question is, one reason for, a solution

Comparison Text Structure  Reader notes:  Similarities  Differences  Visual tools help  (Graphic Organizers)  Social Studies and science textbooks  Clue words: unlike, different from, same as, similar to

Strategies to Help Comprehension Steps to use: 1. explicit description of strategy 2. Model then practice 3. Practice collaboratively 4. Guided practice 5. Independent use with constant feedback

DRTA  Directed Reading Thinking Activity  Preview to predict  Read, take notes, check predictions  Review text and write summary

SQ3R  Survey  Ask questions  Read  Retell  Review

Guided Lecture Procedure  Young children CAN get ready for note taking  Teacher models on chart  Collaborative to group to independence  Learn to listen and take notes

Two-Column Notes  For note taking  Left column: main ideas  Right column: details

Outlining & Visual Tools  Formal and informal  Relate to table of contents  Teach it helps to study

Causation & Cause-Effect Structure Relationships between ideas Clue words: because, since, as a result, consequently, therefore  “Time lines” help  Graphic organizers  (Horizontal)