Visible Changes  There are quite a few noticeable differences between the British English dialect and the evolved dialect of American English. These are the ones we will cover: Spelling Pronunciation {accent} Pronunciation {affixes} Pronunciation {stress} Grammar Vocabulary

Spelling. AMERICAN – “-or”BRITISH – “-our” ColorColour HonorHonour Favoritefavourite AMERICAN – “-ll”BRITISH – “-l” EnrollmentEnrolment FulfillFulfil Skillfulskilful AMERICAN – “-ze”BRITISH – “-se” AnalyzeAnalyse CriticizeCriticise MemorizeMemorise

Spelling AMERICAN – “-er”BRITISH – “-re” CenterCentre MeterMetre Theatertheatre AMERICAN – “-og”BRITISH – “-ogue” AnalogAnalogue CatalogCatalogue DialogDialogue AMERICAN – “-ck” or “-k”BRITISH – “-que” BankBanque CheckCheque

Spelling AMERICAN – “-e”BRITISH – “-ae” or “-oe” EncyclopediaEncyclopaedia ManeuverManoeuvre MedievalMediaeval AMERICAN – “-dg” “-g” “-gu”BRITISH – “-dge” “-ge” “-gue” AgingAgeing ArgumentArguement JudgmentJudgement AMERICAN – “-ense”BRITISH – “-ence” LicenseLicence DefenseDefence

Spelling AMERICANBRITISH JewelryJewellry DraftDraught PajamasPyjamas PlowPlough ProgramProgramme TireTyre Other word-specific differences --

Spelling BASE WORDAMERICANBRITISH CounselCounselingCounselling EqualEqualedEqualled ModelModelingModelling QuarrelQuarrelingQuarrelling SignalSignaledSignalled TravelTravelingTravelling Base words that end in L normally double the L in British English when a suffix is added. The letter can double in American as well – but ONLY IF the stress is on the second syllable of the base word. BASE WORDAMERICANBRITISH ExcelExcelling PropelPropelling

Pronunciation {accent}  The British accent was created by a mixture of the Midland and Southern dialects of the Middle Ages.  There are many sub-dialects and varying accents under British English.  American English was not so strongly influenced by the accent as Australia or New Zealand, for example – the Americas broke away from British control much earlier and were distanced from direct speakers of the language as a result.

Grammar. NOUNS In British English, collective nouns can take either singular or plural verb forms, depending on whether the emphasis is on the body or the members within it. i.e.“A committee was appointed.” “ The committee were unable to agree.” VERBS morphology  American -- "-ed" British -- "-t" i.e. learned/learnt, dreamed/dreamt  British English rarely use “gotten;” instead, “got” is much more common.  Past participles often vary: i.e. saw – American: sawed; British: sawn tenses  British English employs the present perfect to talk about a recent event {i.e. “I’ve already eaten,” “I’ve just arrived home.”} auxiliaries  British English often uses “shall” and “shan’t” American English uses “will” and “won’t”

Vocabulary. American & British English sometimes have different words for the same things -- AMERICANBRITISH ApartmentFlat ArgumentRow Carriage/coachPram BathroomLoo CanTin CookieBiscuit DiaperNappy ElevatorLift EraserRubber FlashlightTorch FriesChips GasPetrol GuyBloke/chap

More Vocabulary. AMERICANBRITISH HighwayMotorway Hood {of a car}Bonnet JellyJam KeroseneParaffin LawyerSolicitor LineQueue MailPost NapkinServiette NothingNought PeriodFull stop Potato chipscrisps AMERICANBRITISH TruckLorry TrunkBoot VacationHoliday WindshieldWindscreen License PlateNumber Plate PacifierDummy Parking lotCar park PharmacistChemist SidewalkPavement SoccerFootball Trash canBin

More Vocabulary.  American and British English speakers often use the same words but intend very different meaning with them: WORDAMERICANBRITISH BiscuitDinner rollCookie BrewBeerTea BureauChest of drawersWriting table/desk CasketCoffinJewelry Box First FloorGround Floor“Second” Floor To hireTo employTo rent ngs_in_British_and_American_Englishhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_words_having_different_meani ngs_in_British_and_American_English {for more examples!}

Varieties of English The degree of formality. E.g. (A)words: 1- offspring. formal 2- Children common core 3- Kids informal

(B)grammar: 1- Feeling tired, John went to bed early. Formal (for written exposition) 2- John went to bed early because he felt tired. Common core 3- John felt tired, so he went to bed early. Informal (in relaxed conversation)

Show the various degree of formality Examples - When his dad died, Peter had to change his job. - After his father's death, Peter had to change his job - On the decease of his father, Mr. Brown was obliged to seek alternative employment

Written and spoken English ( what is the type of the text?) Written English: In writing we usually have time to plan our message and revise it. Written English is often formal. The grammar of written English is more complex than of spoken. Passive voice is often used in written English. Sentences must be complete. No short forms are used e.g. (don't )should be (do not ). Punctuation is used to make the relations between sentences clearer.

Spoken English: In our conversations we don't have time for thinking or revising. Informal language is often used in spoken English. We may fail to complete our sentences. The grammar of spoken English is simple. Incomplete sentences are used. Short forms like I'll or wouldn't can be used. Intonation is used in spoken English instead of punctuation in written English. Hesitation fillers like er and um are used while thinking of what next to say. Words and phrases like well, you see, and kind of are used. An example of spoken English: Well I've just come back from New York where it was pretty clear that. this was

There are many differences between formal and informal English: 1-Grammatical differences For example, the use of who and whom She longed for a friend in whom she could confine She longed for a friend who she could confine