Diseases and Disorders of the Cardiovascular System

Endocarditis Etiology Inflammatory process or infection

Congestive Heart Failure Etiology Pulmonary hypertension, high blood pressure, polycythemia, increased work of the heart, MI, valvular disease, cardiac infections

Murmur Etiology A result of blood leaking backward due to a faulty heart valve or a narrowed valve opening

Aneurysm Etiology Genetic predisposition, hypertension, trauma, atherosclerosis, tertiary syphilis

Angina Etiology Ischemia of the myocardium, as a result of poor blood perfusion of heart tissue

Arteriosclerosis Etiology “Hardening of the arteries” due to age, materials deposited in the inner walls of the arteries, or other degenerative conditions

Atherosclerosis Etiology The most common form of arteriosclerosis -caused by the buildup of a yellow, fat-like substance called plaque. Caused by heredity, improper diet, smoking, sedentary life style, stress

Hypertension Etiology Heredity, diet (high fat and salt intake), age (increases the older you are), obesity, smoking, stress, decreasing flexibility of the blood vessels

Myocardial Infarction Etiology Conditions / situations that lead to a decreased blood flow to the heart tissue that leads to ischemia and necrosis Myocardial Infarction- Animation - YouTube Myocardial Infarction- Animation - YouTube

Peripheral Vascular Disease Etiology Atherosclerosis, plaque buildup, in arteries with a progressive narrowing of the lumen, diabetes

Fibrillation Etiology Acute MI, electrolyte imbalances, hypertrophy, electrical shock Atrial Fibrillation - Me Being Cardioverted - YouTube Atrial Fibrillation - Me Being Cardioverted - YouTube

Heart Block Etiology Scar tissue in heart muscle may affect the smooth flow of the electrical impulse

Palpitation Etiology Structural abnormalities, irritation /inflammation / trauma to heart tissue, drugs, stress, various diseases of other body systems

Anemia Cancer, radiation, or chemotherapy which alters bone marrow; too little amino acids, folic acid, iron, or vitamins B6 or B12; production of defective erythrocytes; excessive blood loss

Hyperlipidemia Etiology An increasing problem in which there is an excessive amount of fatty substances in the blood which include cholesterol, triglycerides and fatty acids

Leukemia Etiology Unknown; possibly, inherited factors, radiation,viral causes Leukemia - YouTube

Cardiac Catheterization Cardiac Catheterization Cardiac Catheterization - YouTubeCardiac Catheterization - YouTube

Open Heart Surgery Heart transplant surgery - YouTube