The Two Cultures: Mashing up Web 2.0 and the Semantic Web The 16 th International World Wide Web Conference (2007) - Position Paper - Presented By Anupriya Ankolekar, Markus Krotzsch, Thanh Tran, Denny Vrandecic Institut AIFB, Universitat Karlsruhe (TH), Germany Summerized By Jaeseok Myung

Copyright  2008 by CEBT The Two Cultures on the Web  The Two Cultures The title of an influential Lecture by British scientist and novelist C. P. Snow The breakdown of communication between the “two cultures” of modern society – the science and the humanities  Semantic Web vs. Web 2.0 There are two visions for the future evolution of the Web  There’s only one Web Center for E-Business Technology Web 2.0 Semantic Web Future Web Web 2.0 Semantic Web Future Web CompetitionComplement

Copyright  2008 by CEBT Outline  Introduction  Scenario Semantic Blogging  Infrastructure To achieve the scenario  Next Steps Promising technologies  Conclusions Center for E-Business Technology

Copyright  2008 by CEBT Introduction  Semantic Web & Web 2.0  The Semantic Web can learn from Web 2.0’s focus on community and interactivity, while Web 2.0 can draw from the Semantic Web’s rich technical infrastructure for exchanging information across application boundaries Center for E-Business Technology RDF OWL Modeling Complexity Storing Community Mashups Ajax Wiki

Copyright  2008 by CEBT Traditional Blogging Scenario  Let’s consider Chrissie, who is a fairly typical Web blogger She has never heard of Semantic Web She goes to the cinema regularly and tend to blog afterwards about the movies she watched  She follows a straightforward workflow when writing reviews Creates a new entry -> Enters a title -> … -> Push the publish button  A typical blog application Saves the entry into database Takes care of displaying the entry and archiving the entry RSS feed will be updated with the entry Center for E-Business Technology

Copyright  2008 by CEBT Semantic Blogging Scenario (1)  Reusing Data from Web Center for E-Business Technology Plug-in Traditional Workflow Identify Extract Generate

Copyright  2008 by CEBT Semantic Blogging Scenario (2)  Dynamic & Personalized Data Center for E-Business Technology Q : What if the movie stops running in the cinema? Q : What if the reader is not Chrissie? Why is this dynamic and personalized scenario realistic? - Cinemas have several benefits when providing information about current movies and their showtimes - Users have several benefits when providing information about themselves Q : What if the movie stops running in the cinema? Q : What if the reader is not Chrissie? Why is this dynamic and personalized scenario realistic? - Cinemas have several benefits when providing information about current movies and their showtimes - Users have several benefits when providing information about themselves Both providers and users have benefits if they open their data They will provide data if they have convenient infrastructure Both providers and users have benefits if they open their data They will provide data if they have convenient infrastructure

Copyright  2008 by CEBT Hypotheses  These hypotheses can help to reconcile the two cultures The Semantic Web will be a World Wide Web A bottom up, user-centered approach is required for the Semantic Web to take hold A little semantics goes a long way Center for E-Business Technology Semantic WebWeb 2.0 IntelligenceO Amount of DataO MachineHuman Top-downBottom-up

Copyright  2008 by CEBT Infrastructure (1)  Creation What are the sources of semantic data? Publish existing data (We already have well-structured data)  Exchange How can semantic data be distributed, gathered, and combined? Refer to established ontologies – Applications that are aware of a given ontology can easily interpret respective data  Reuse How can semantic data be put to practical use? Creation and exchange of data are only useful if there are ways of exploiting Semantic Mashups are expected Center for E-Business Technology

Copyright  2008 by CEBT Infrastructure (2)  Yahoo! Pipes ( enables users to create custom mashups, thus successfully combining modern Web 2.0 interfaces with the advantages of machine-readable data feeds. Center for E-Business Technology

Copyright  2008 by CEBT Next Steps (1)  A little semantics goes a long way It’s a useful first step, but it would fail to live up to the full potential of semantic technologies  Expressive Ontologies Complex knowledge often cannot be encoded without further expressivity, as became evident in many practical uses of semantic technologies  Scalability and Tractability The sheer amount of data on the Web is as challenging as the desire for higher expressivity The careful design of powerful yet computationally manageable ontology languages needs to be continued Center for E-Business Technology

Copyright  2008 by CEBT Next Steps (2)  Usability Ease of use of both the user interface and the developer interface is essential It is necessary to hide the complexity of the underlying technologies  Trust and Control Controlling semantic data becomes very difficult, and private, confidential, or proprietary information can hardly be restricted  Mapping and Integration Since the exchange process requires a shared common understanding of the involved data, differences in the ontologies need to be aligned and reconciled Center for E-Business Technology

Copyright  2008 by CEBT Conclusions  The two ideas complement each other  The authors advocate a paradigm shift from an overly machine-centered AI view of the Semantic Web towards a more user and community centered approach that draws from the insights of Web 2.0 But, we should not fail to live up to the full potential of semantic technologies  Jointly exploiting each other’s achievements and insights, the two communities can realize their respective visions of the web Because, there’s only on Web, after all Center for E-Business Technology