Quiz Review: Industrial Revolution & Economic Systems

● What was it called when the world experienced great change and factories grew and became more efficient? ● The Industrial Revolution

● What type of power sources did people use after the Industrial Revolution? ● They used coal, oil, gas, electricity, and steam power

● Where did most people live before the Industrial Revolution? ● In the country

● Where did most people live after the Industrial Revolution? ● In cities

● What did most people do for a job before the Industrial Revolution? ● Farmers

● What did most people do for a job after the Industrial Revolution? ● They worked in factories, mills, mines, etc.

● What kind of workers did factory owners prefer to use – adults or children? ● Owners preferred children.

● Why did owners prefer to have children as workers? Give two reasons. ● Children (possible answers): ● Cost less ● Could be beaten ● Would do dangerous tasks that adults refused to do ● Could fit into small spaces ● Were easily replaced if they were injured or killed

● What was it like for workers during the Industrial Revolution? Give two details. ● They worked long hours ● They weren’t paid very much money ● The work was dangerous ● They were often injured or killed ● They did not go to school

● What were some positive effects of the Industrial Revolution? ● Factories were making many new goods that were cheap, so people could afford to buy new things ● Farming improved, so people had more food and led healthier, longer lives ● Many new inventions were created

● What were some negative effects of the Industrial Revolution? ● Many farmers lost their jobs, so they had to move to the cities to work in the factories ● There was great inequality between the rich and the poor people ● People (men, women, and children) were forced to work long hours in unsafe conditions, for little money ● All the new factories created a lot of pollution

● What is the purpose of a union? ● A union is a group of people that fights for workers’ rights (such as better pay, shorter hours, safer conditions…)

● What type of economic system is it when people own the businesses and are free to keep the money they make? ● Capitalism

● What type of economic system is it when the government owns the businesses and gives the people their fair share? ● Socialism

● What is one positive thing about having capitalism? ● Some people can get rich ●Companies must compete for business which means better products and lowers prices for buyers

● What is one negative thing about having capitalism? ● Some people are very poor (inequality of wealth) ●Businesses care more about money/profit than workers’ rights

● What is one positive thing about having socialism? ● There are no poor people because everyone gets their fair share

● What is one negative thing about having socialism? ● Some people won’t be motivated to work hard because they aren’t rewarded ●Society’s success totally depends on the government making good choices

● What is the goal of capitalism? ● money, profit, wealth, etc.

● What is the goal of socialism? ● The health and well being of the society