Active & Passive transport Comparison Aim: How does “active” & “passive” transport through a semi-permeable membrane occur? Objectives – Students should be able to: 1-Define gradient, equilibrium, active & passive transport, simple diffusion, osmosis, facilitated diffusion. 2-Explain the concept of simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis, active & passive transport.

Vocabulary development: - Semi-permeable membrane = is selective about the substance that can pass through a porous barrier or membrane.

TRANSPORT - Passive transport Energy…NO - Active transport Energy…YES

TRANSPORT across membrane - Passive transport = is the ability of a substance to travel from an area of high concentration (quantity) of that substance to an area of low concentration of that substance without applying energy. - Active transport = is the ability of a substance to travel from an area of low concentration (quantity) of that substance to an area of high concentration of that substance with applying energy.

- Simple diffusion = a substance travels from an area of high concentration (quantity) to an area of low concentration of that substance without applying energy..

- Facilitated diffusion = is a type of passive transport with the help of a “carrier protein” & “channel protein” embedded in the semi- permeable membrane.

- Gradient = is the difference in measurement of two different ends or side of a parameter. - Equilibrium = is when the situation is stabled or evenly balanced. It can be when there is no concentration gradient.

- Equilibrium = is when the situation is stabled or evenly balanced. It can be when there is no concentration gradient

Facilitated diffusion is a type of passive transport that allows substances to cross membranes with the assistance of special transport proteins. Some molecules and ions such as glucose, sodium ions and chloride ions are unable to pass through the bilayer lipid cell membranes. Through the use of “carrier proteins” that are embedded in the cell membrane these substance can be transported into the cell transport proteinscell membranes

Carrier proteins bind to specific molecules; both types of transport protein change shape and then deposit the molecules across the membrane. Once the transaction is complete the proteins return to their original position. Use the Venn diagram to compare & contrast passive transport of simple diffusion and facilitated diffusion.

Active transport is the movement of a substance against its concentration gradient (from low to high concentration)with the use of ATP.

Transport through a semi- permeable cell membrane Activesimplefacilitatedosmosis

facilitated simpleactive