Class 12: Tides, Waves, Tsunamis, Oceanography. Today’s topics: Tides Wave features Tsunamis Oceanography Class Updates Reading: 16.1-16.5 Homework #5.

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Presentation transcript:

Class 12: Tides, Waves, Tsunamis, Oceanography

Today’s topics: Tides Wave features Tsunamis Oceanography Class Updates Reading: Homework #5 assigned today Final Exam: Mon. May 4pm Class 12: Tides, Waves, Tsunamis, Oceanography

Ocean Tides - What Causes Them?

Ocean Tides From Gravity F ~ M / R 2 F = force M = mass R = radius

Tidal Pulls: Moon vs. Sun Which exerts a greater pull - Moon or Sun?

Daily Tides from the Moon

Monthly Tides: Moon Phases & Sun

Extreme Tides low tide high tide Bay of Fundy (Nova Scotia, Canada)

Which statement is most correct about spring tides? a. They occur in the spring. b. They occur when the sun, the moon and the Earth all fall on a straight line c. They are the largest high tides on Earth d. Both statements b and c are true.

a. Yes, and they would be much LARGER b. Yes, but they would be much SMALLER c. No, we would not have tides d. Maybe, it depends on the season If Earth didn’t have a moon, would we still have tides?

Sea Waves

Circular Motion of Water

Types of Waves

Sediment Transport Along Coastlines

Beaches

Rocky Coastlines cliffs plaforms

Sandy Coastlines Barrier Islands

Tsunamis Banda Aceh, Sumatra, Indonesia December 26, 2004 Magnitude 9.3

Tsunamis Underwater fault 1. BIG earthquake 2. Tsunami generated 3.

Tsunami Animation

Tsunami Example: Sumatra

2011 Japan Tsunami

Review: Ocean in Motion

Oceanography

The Oceans

Ocean Water Composition

Salty Origin

Where do ions go?

Salt Balance

Salinity of Ocean Surface

Changes with depth

Top: Mixed Zone

Middle: Transition Zone

Bottom: Deep Zone

From North to South

Water is moving

Warm water cools in North Atlantic Cold water sinks: cold = densest The Water Pump

Atlantic Deep Water

Surface Currents

Adding complication

Currents and Winds

Coriolis Effect

El Nino-Step 1

El Nino-Step 2

El Nino-Step 3

Southern Oscillation El Nino and La Nina are the extreme hot and cold parts of the Southern Oscillation cycle