14.2 Phenomena involving the refraction of light Real and apparent depth Why does a swimming pool appear shallower than it actually is? ∵ refraction occurs at the water-air boundary

14.2 Phenomena involving the refraction of light I O h’ h A B  When the rays OA and OB cross the water-air boundary,  The refracted rays appear to come from a point I.  I – image of O h – real depth h’ – apparent depth h’ < h they bend away from the normal.

14.2 Phenomena involving the refraction of light Examples of refraction of light observer air water The coin appears to be raised in a cup of water.

14.2 Phenomena involving the refraction of light observer air water A chopstick appears to be bent when immersed in water.

14.2 Phenomena involving the refraction of light observer air glass book The print in a book appears to be raised when viewed through a thick glass block.

14.2 Phenomena involving the refraction of light When white light passes through a prism, it is separated into different colours. Dispersion – dispersion

14.2 Phenomena involving the refraction of light  White light is a mixture of different colours.  The refractive indices of glass for light of different colours are slightly different.  Light of different colours is refracted by different amounts.

14.2 Phenomena involving the refraction of light red orange yellow green blue indigo violet  Refractive index for violet light – largest  refracted the most  Refractive index for red light – smallest  refracted the least

14.2 Phenomena involving the refraction of light That’s the end of Section 14.2 Check Point Key Ideas Previous Page Section 14.3 Exit