Chapter 9: Rocks and Minerals

What are Rocks? Divide earth’s substances into 2 categories: – Living (_______) vs Non-Living (_________) Rocks - ___________________________________. ***Many rocks are different from each other and appear differently as well.

3 requirements to be a mineral 1)_______________ 2) _______________ 3) _______________

Identifying Different Minerals A mineral can be identified by its _______________ properties. – Ex: color, streak, luster, density, crystal shape, and hardness

Streak Streak – ___________________________ ___________________. *Streak color does not always match the overall color of a mineral*

Question

Luster Luster – ____________________________. – Ex: dull, shiny, pearly, metallic

Density Density – _____________________________________ ______________________.

Hardness ****Friedrich Mohs (German mineral expert) developed a hardness scale based on ten relatively common minerals. Mohs scale – _____________________________________ __________________________.

Mohs Scale

Which mineral is softer than Flourite harder than Gypsum? – A. Talc – B. Quartz – C. Calcite – D. Apatite

Check List 1)A _____________ is a substance made up of minerals. 2)Scientist divide earth’s materials into what 2 categories? What does each mean? 3) What are the 3 requirements to be a mineral? 4) We identify minerals on their __________ properties? 5) What do we call the way a mineral reflects light? 6) The _____________ is a scale used to rank minerals on their hardness and softness. 7) What is the softest mineral on this scale? What is the hardest? 8) Using the Moh’s Scale, if we know the hardness of your fingernail is a 2.3 determine which statement is true below: – A) Will be scratched by Quartz but not Apatite. – B) Will be scratched by both Gypsum and Topaz. – C) Will be scratched by Talc but not Calcite. – D) Will be scratched by a Diamond but not Talc.