Born in 1767 in South Carolina. After both his parents died he moved to North Carolina, where he would later become a lawyer. General during the War of 1812 Known for the battle of New Orleans Also his establishment of Fort Jackson in Florida Later found illegal and removed Elected America’s 7 th President in 1828

Jackson meets Rachel as a boarder in their home The two are married in 1788 Problem!!! Rachel was married to Lewis Robards He left and no word Thought she had obtained a divorce It did not go through Jackson and Rachel remarry in 1792 after she obtains an official divorce Issue used in 1828 election Rachel dies Dec. 1828, before Jackson enters office

Martin Van Buren “The Little Magician” Upset over the “Corrupt Bargain” of 1824 Goes about forming the second party system Birth of the Democrats and the National Convention

Spoils System Jackson rewarded his supporters with government jobs. Kitchen Cabinet An informal group of trusted advisers Members sometimes met in the White House kitchen

John Eaton is a close friend of AJ Named Sec. of War Problem!!! Wife Peggy was snubbed by social elite of Washington…why? Married Eaton shortly after her 1 st husband’s death Rumor of affair with Eaton prior to death Eaton resigns Jackson angry because of the treatment Rachel received during election

Republican For small gov’t Against federal spending on expansion Anti-tariff Anti-BUS Pro Gov’t Willing to use military force Wielded gov’t power when it fit his agenda

Northern States Manufactures wanted high tariffs to protect their new industries from foreign competitors British companies could drove smaller American firms out of business by selling goods more cheaply than Americans could afford to make them. Southern States Against tariffs because they imported most of their manufactured goods from Europe. The Southern economy relied mostly on agriculture, particularly cotton exports

John C Calhoun led opposition toward the tariff. According to the Constitution the states had a right to nullify, or cancel any federal law they considered unconstitutional.

South Carolina test the Nullification theory. Officials said they would withdraw form the Union if the federal gov’t tried to force them to pay the tariffs Jackson threatened to send troops into S.C. The two sides soon reached an agreement The government lowered the tariffs little by little over the years

Jackson’s views of the Bus It concentrated the nation's financial strength in a single institution. It exposed the government to control by foreign interests. It served mainly to make the rich richer. It exercised too much control over members of Congress. It favored northeastern states over southern and western states. Banks are controlled by a few select families.

Jackson veto’s recharter in 1832 Withdraws all money to sends it to state banks BUS will die Pro’s More money meant more lending State and local improvements Con’s 1836 Jackson issues “Specie Circular” Gov’t land must be bought with gold or silver Banks did not have enough to cover demand Banks failures and depression follows

The Indian Removal Act of 1830 authorized the removal of American Indians who lived east of the Mississippi River Congress established Indian Territory in Oklahoma as a new Indian homeland Indians forced to remove Cherokee Choctaw Groups forced to move Choctaw Chickasaw Cherokee Sauk Creek Seminole

Saw writing on the wall Begin Assimilation Written Constitution Revert to farming, small land plots, and gov’t Hope to use legal system to stop removal

Cherokee refused to move from their land The Georgians began attacking Cherokee towns. The Cherokee decided to take legal action. Worcester v. Georgia, John Marshall ruled that, “The Cherokee nation is a distinct community, occupying its own territory, in which laws of Georgia can have no force”. The Supreme Court decision declared Georgia’s action illegal

“John Marshall has made his decision; now let him enforce it”  What’s wrong with this?

Federal troops began to systematically remove several Native American tribes from their homes. The Choctaw were the first to make the trip in the winter of The trip was a disaster, federal troops did not provide enough food or supplies. The Choctaw began to die of cold, disease, and starvation. When the Creek refused federal officials led 14,500 captured Creek, many in chains to Indian Territory.

The Cherokee were forced to make an 800 mile march, where 1/4 of the 18,000 Cherokee would die. What’s missing from this Picture 

The Seminole’s of Florida used armed resistance to fight removal. The second Seminole War began Outcome Cost-$30-$40 million Unknown numbers killed Gov’t gives up hostilities Establishment of informal reservation