1 National responsibility and response

2 Objectives  Introduce the concepts of primary and complementary responsibilities  Examine the foundation and implications of national responsibility towards IDPs  Identify the steps a state needs to take to fulfill its responsibility towards IDPs  Identify challenges to the prevention of displacement and responses to it

3 Primary and complementary responsibility The Kampala Convention’s preamble states: “Affirming our primary responsibility and commitment to respect, protect and fulfil the rights to which IDPs are entitled to … ” Article five stipulates: “States Parties shall bear the primary duty and responsibility for providing protection and humanitarian assistance to IDPs within their territory or jurisdiction without discrimination of any kind.” Complementarity and collaboration State International organisations CSOs African Union IDPs Non- state groups

4 Kampala Convention and national responsibility Article 3.2 stipulates that states parties shall: a. Incorporate their obligations under the convention into domestic law by enacting or amending relevant legislation b. Designate an authority or body responsible for coordinating activities to protect and assist IDPs, and for cooperating with international organisations and CSOs c. Adopt strategies and policies on internal displacement d. Provide the necessary funds for protection and assistance e. Incorporate the relevant principles of the convention into peace negotiations and agreements and the pursuit of durable solutions

5 Prevention KC 3, 4.4 National awareness KC 2, 3 Data collection KC 13 Training on IDPs’ rights KC 2, 3 Legal framework KC 3.2 National policy KC 3.2 Institutional focal point on IDPs KC 3.2 IDPs’ participation KC 9.2, 11.2 Durable solutions KC 11, 12 Resources KC 3.2 Cooperation w/ intergovernmental organisations /regional organisations KC 3.1.j, 5.7, 9.3 National human rights institutions ACHPR Sovereignty as responsibility Framework on national responsibility Displacement response

6 Data collection, registration and law and policy making: Kampala Convention article 13  Preparation: to understand the scale and characteristics of the phenomenon  Drafting: to devise measures that truly respond to IDPs’ needs  Implementation: to allocate adequate resources Kenya’s 2012 act on IDPs sets up a national committee to register all IDPs. It stipulates that: (i)Registration should take place within 30 days of displacement (ii)It shoud be officially declared (iii) It should only be for identification, profiling and protection purposes Data protection in national legal system

7 IDPs’ participation  Kampala Convention articles 9.2.k on protection and assistance and 11 on durable solutions state that:  IDPs have the right to participation  Their participation makes responses more effective  It also reduces dependency and facilitates reintegration Yemen organised focus groups and workshops with more than 3,600 IDPs as part of its law and policy- making process

8 Adequate resources  Drafters should understand the resources available in advance  Law and policy development should be coordinated with annual budget cycles  If a focal point is appointed, it should be provided with the financial resources it needs to fufil its role Somalia’s policy framework on displacement stipulates that an action plan for implementation should be finalised within six months of adoption and should include a funding strategy. The interior ministry should:  Receive direct budget allocations  Propose the funding strategy to the international community  Establish a fund for IDPs and returnees

9 Conclusions  Political, economic and social factors may challenge preventive action and responses to displacement  Understanding the causes of such issues allows the right institutional choices to be made  Raising awareness of displacement, allocating resources, guaranteeing participation and ensuring coordination are signs of national responsibility towards IDPs  The benchmarks of national response can be translated into concrete legal or policy arrangements