#3 Ch 1 S 1 Details: – Read and Notes Ch 1 S 1 – ___________________

Warm Up 8/27/14 1.Describe democracy, where did it originate? 2.What is a city-state?

Conversation -No talking unless called on Help -raise your hand anytime you have a question Activity -Take notes and answer review questions. Movement - No movement pencil sharpening is done before class Participation -Answer questions when called on and take notes.

The Greek Roots of Democracy Objective: Students will note the rise of democracy and the duty of the individual in ancient Greece.

Standards Analyze the similarities and differences in Judeo- Christian and Greco-Roman views of law, reason, and faith, and duties of the individual. Greco=Greek Today Examining ancient Greece government.

Greece Greece lies in the southern end of the Balkan peninsula in Europe. Western civilization took many ideas from Greece such as democracy.

Western civilization has adopted many ideas from Greece such as democracy Democracy =A form of government run by the people. Everyday people like you and me have the power.

Rise of the Greek city-state City-state: a city and the surrounding areas. Lack of fertile land in Greece encouraged expansion over seas. Greek colonies spread throughout the Mediterranean from Spain to Egypt carrying their ideas

Quiz 1.Where is Greece located? 2. What main idea did western civilization take from Greece’s classical age?

Changes in Warfare Around 500 B.C. iron weapons replaced bronze. Iron was cheaper allowing ordinary citizens to buy shields, helmets, and swords. New warfare gave citizens more power

Two Major City-States form Acropolis in Athens Sparta

Sparta: A Nation of Soldiers Around 600 B.C. Sparta transformed into a military state At age seven boys began training for a lifetime in the army. Women were expected to produce strong healthy sons for the army.

Spartan government Led by two kings and a council of elders who advised the monarchs. An assembly which was all citizens approved major decisions. Citizen = male, native born, over the age of thirty.

Athens: A limited Democracy A government by the people (democracy) first took root in Athens. Athens began as a monarchy, but shifted to an aristocracy (oligarchy) being ruled by noble land owners, and eventually modified into a democracy.

Athens Greece Birthplace of Democracy

Move to Democracy Merchants, soldiers, and farmers began to resent the power of the nobles. During hard times many farmers had to sell their land. Some sold themselves into slavery to pay off their debts. In 594 B.C. a new leader named Solon outlawed debt slavery and freed those sold into slavery and gave the average citizen more influence.

Tyrant Pisistratus (py sis truh tus) Tyrant= A leader who takes power by force Pisistratus Seized power in 546 B.C. He gave farmers and poor citizens a greater voice Weakening the aristocracy.

Cleisthenes( Klys thuh neez) Cleisthenes further broadened the role of ordinary citizens in government. Created a council of 500 men that prepared laws and supervised the day to day work of the government. Cleisthenes created a legislature, a lawmaking body that consisted of male citizens. The U.S. has a legislature

L= Legislature = Law

Quiz 3. Describe the difference between Athens and Sparta.

Warm Up 8/28/14 1.What is a tyrant, why would tyranny be a bad form of government? 2. Describe a legislature.

The Persian Wars In 490 B.C. a Persian army landed in Marathon, Greece. Athenian forces rushed into hand to hand combat forcing the Persians to retreat.

The Persian Wars Ten years later a much larger Persian force landed in Greece. Sparta and other city- states joined Athens to defend their homeland. The Persians burned Athens, but were eventually defeated.

Pericles (Pehr uh kleez) Following the Persian wars Athens became the most powerful city- state in Greece. Under the rule of Pericles the economy thrived and the government became more democratic.

Direct Democracy Greece formed a direct democracy, in which many citizens participated directly in government. Pericles believed all male citizens regardless of wealth or social class needed to take part in government. Pericles created salaries for men who held public office. Money

Juries In addition to serving in the government Athenians also served on juries. Males citizens over thirty years of age were chosen to serve as jurors for a year (paid) Unlike today’s jury’s of twelve, one hundred to one thousand men could be selected for the jury.

The Peloponnesian War Power Struggle between Athens and Sparta. Fighting dragged on for 27 years before Spartan’s captured Athens. Athens survived as a center of culture but democracy suffered greatly as corruption and self interest replaced the old ideals such as service to the city-state.

Difference Between Athens and Sparta Sparta stressed discipline while Athens glorified the individual and extended political rights to more citizens.

Quiz 4. Were the poor and lower class involved in democracy? Explain. 5. Describe four ways ancient Greece influenced the modern United States.

Objective Reviewed Students will note the rise of democracy and the duty of the individual in ancient Greece.

#3 Ch 1 S 1 Details: – Read and Notes Ch 1 S 1 – S1 Standards Checks (5)

Warm Up 9/23/15 1. Define Socratic Method. 2. What action did Socrates take to prove he fully supported and believed in the democratic process?

Warm Up 9/14/12 1.Who believed society should be ruled by philosopher Kings? 2.What was the name of Plato’s most famous book? 3. Who wrote Politics what was it about?

2. Under what ruler did Athens move toward a direct democracy? 3. Were the poor and lower class involved in democracy? Explain.

Warm Up 9/24/14 1. List four ways that the modern world was influenced by ancient Greece. 2. Do you think democracy is a good form of government, explain why or why not? 3. Discuss with a partner positives and negatives of the Democratic system

Greek Philosophers Objective: Students chart the characteristics of the following philosophers ideas; Socrates, Plato, and Aristotle.

Standards Analyze the similarities and differences in Judeo-Christian and Greco Roman views of law, reason and faith, and duties of the individual Trace the development of the Western political ideas of the rule of law and illegitimacy of tyranny, using selections from Plato’s Republic and Aristotle’s Politics.

PhilosophersView of Democracy Teaching Style Written works Main Ideas Socrates Plato Aristotle

Greek Philosophers Philosophers use observation and reason to determine why things happened. Opened new ways of looking at the human existence. Philosopher = lover of wisdom Plato

Socrates Athenian philosopher Did not write books to record his thoughts. Ideas were passed on by his student Plato. Roamed about the market place questioning fellow citizens about their beliefs.

“What is the Greatest Good?” Socratic method: pose a series of questions and challenge people to examine the implications of their answer. Helped others seek truth and self knowledge

Socratic Method

“The unexamined life is not worth living.” Many Athenians found Socrates to be annoying Many felt that his questioning was threatening accepted traditions. At age 70 he was put on trial for corrupting the cities youth and failing to respect the gods.

On Trial Socrates was found guilty by a jury of 501 citizens, and condemned to death. He refused to attempt escape defending the democratic system, suggesting that the duties of the individual include submitting to the laws of the state. Drank a cup of hemlock

Plato Socrates student The death of Socrates led Plato to distrust democracy and leave Athens for ten years. When he returned he formed a school called the academy where he taught and wrote about his own ideas.

Plato’s Republic Reason not experience leads to genuine knowledge. Rejected democracy arguing instead for a state that controls every aspect of its citizens lives. All are born equal, but they can only rise as high as their abilities would allow. The Acdamey

Plato Plato wrote the Republic which is about justice and the individual. Talked about how tyranny is the worst form of government Philosopher Kings

Plato’s Society Divided into three classes -workers to produce the necessities of life. -soldiers to defend the state. -philosophers to rule, who would be specially trained to ensure order and justice. Plato and Aristotle Philosopher Kings

Aristotle Plato’s most famous student. Analyzed all forms of government. Preferred a government by the many not by the few though he felt a democracy could lead to mob rule.

Polity Favored a constitutional government ruled by members of the middle class. The goals was to establish a just and stable rule.

Politics “Rule of Law” Wrote Politics: about government and the rule of law. Rule of law =Even rulers must be subject to law. Is this true today in constitutional governments? Despised tyranny.

The Lyceum Aristotle like Plato started a school called the Lyceum. Wrote on politics, ethics, logic, biology, literature, and many other subjects. The first universities were largely based on his works.

Warm Up 9/4/14 1.What is “Rule of Law?” 2.What type of government did Aristotle favor? 3.Which form of government do you think is more effective, the Philosopher King’s of Plato or the government described by Aristotle, explain why? Which has been more influential on modern democracies?

Warm Up 9/24/15 1.Map Skills pg 16 #s 1-3

Alexander the Great and the Hellenistic Age

Objective Students note the rise and fall of Alexander the Greats empire including the rise of the Hellenistic age.

Aristotle Leaves Athens Following Plato’s death Aristotle left Athens returning to the Kingdom of Macedonia where he was born.

In Macedonia Aristotle became the tutor of King Philip’s 13 year old son Alexander. Aristotle Alexander

Conquest of Greece Philip II admired Greek culture and eventually decided to conquer and take Greece as part of his empire.

Philip II is Assassinated At age 20 Alexander becomes King. He immediately began to expand his empire seeking to conquer the Persians.

Alexander the Greats empire stretched into three continents Europe, Africa, and Asia

Alexander the Great Darius III

Alexander the Greats empire stretched more than 2,000 miles Alexander died at the age of 32, undefeated in war, he died of the flu.

As Alexander’s military conquered new regions cultures began to merge creating a new culture. Hellenism: A blending of Greek, Persian, Egyptian, and Indian cultures.