Endocrine system(s)

Hormones  Chemicals that control/integrate body functions  Steroid type – adrenal cortex and gonads  Protein type – pituitary, thyroid, pancreas, adrenal medulla

Pituitary  Posterior pituitary  ADH – vasodepression  Oxytocin – lactation, uterine contractions during parturition  Anterior pituitary  FSH and LH – gonadotropins  Prolactin – lactation  ACTH – adrenocortotropic  TSH – thyroxin stimulator  STH - growth

Pineal and Thyroid  Pineal  Melatonin production  Thyroid  metabolism

Parathyroid and Pancreas  Parathyroid  Regulates calcium levels  Pancreas  Insulin

Adrenal  Adrenal Cortex  Outside layer –  Glucorticoids – glucose metabolism  Mineralocorticoids – mineral metabolism  Adrenal Medulla  Epinephrine – (adrenaline) stress hormone  Norepinephrine – maintains tone in blood vessels

Gonads  Testoserone – male hormone  Produced in testicles  Sex characteristics  Secondary sex glands – prostrate, cowpers,  Estrogen– female hormone  Mature ovarian follicles – stimulates ovulation  Progesterone  Ruptured follicle develops into a secondary structure  Corpus luteum – prepares uterus for implantation and pregnancy maintenance

Gonads  Relaxin – appears late in the pregnancy - relaxes muscles and ligaments in the pelvis, cervix and vagina

Gastrointestinal  Hormones in the digestive tract are all related to digestive process  Secretin – regulates bile and small intestine secretions  Enterokinin – increases rate of secretion in small intestine  Enterogastrone and cholecystokinin – relate to fat levels in the feed, slows down the rate of feed passage to promote digestion

Know the chart on page 123