 Electric charges move in a looped path called a circuit – starts and ends in the SAME spot  A simple circuit contains a source of energy and at least one conductor Energy (battery)  Conductor - wire

 A circuit may also contain a SWITCH  A switch opens and closes a gap in the circuit  A closed switch allows energy to flow through  An open switch stops the current from flowing

 The source of energy may be a battery  Chemical energy inside a battery transforms into Electrical energy  Energy flows from the negative (-) end of a battery to the positive (+) end  The flow of electrons is electricity  Some electric energy always changes to heat energy

 Resistors can change electrical energy into other forms of energy (heat, light, sound, motion)  EXAMPLES  Light Bulb turns Electrical Energy into Light Energy  Bells & Buzzers turn Electrical Energy into Sound Energy

 A circuit diagram is a MAP of a circuit  Turn to page 484 in Textbook

 Most electrical circuits are more complex than the one in a flashlight or a bell or buzzer  A parallel circuit has more than one branch or pathway  A computer circuit has millions of paths  It still needs to be CLOSED for the electricity to flow  Starts and ends at same point  Parallel Circuit Diagram 

 Electricity and Magnetism are closely related  Every electrical current produces a magnetic force  An electromagnet is a magnet that carries an electrical current  Like a magnet  Has north and south poles  Unlike a magnet  Can be switched on and off