Institutional Corrections Chapter Five

Prison Life: Research Total institutions:

The Life Inside the Walls Prisonization:

Prison Subcultures 2 social realities in prison:

Prison Subcultures (continued) An adaptation to deprivation and confinement—part of “prisonization”

Doing Time What Is Prisonization?

Prisonization A process of “desocialization” followed by “resocialization”

Sources of Prisonization

Universal Aspects of Prisonization Taking on the devalued identity of “convict”

The Life Inside the Walls He is a subordinate

The Convict Code

Recent Changes to Convict Code

Doing Time Inmate Social System

Doing Time—Gangs Gangs

Prison Gangs Began in 1950s, little concern until 1970s

Prison Gangs (continued) Percentage of involved inmates varies with security level

Prison Gang Violence

Doing Time (continued) Currency

Sex in Prison Situational homosexuality: Sexual activities

Doing Time Inmates and Guards Controlled Movement Counts

Classification: A Basic Element of Corrections As a result of the use of maximum security facilities and the increase in idleness of the offenders, two major movements in corrections are:

Doing Time (continued) Classification Shakedowns/Cell Searches

The Basic Components of Classification Gender Age Criminal history Offense Treatment needs Special needs

The Basic Philosophy Behind Classification “The offender was perceived as a person with social, intellectual, or emotional deficiencies that should be diagnosed carefully and his deficiencies ‘clinically’ defined” (ACA, Manual of Correctional Standards)

Other Major Issues: Jails and Prisons in the 21st Century

Offender types: Prisoners with HIV/AIDS (2000 data) 24,607 state inmates, 1,150 federal HIV+ –6,642 confirmed cases of AIDS in the U.S. Prison System