ALGAE Similarities and difference to higher plants.

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Presentation transcript:

ALGAE Similarities and difference to higher plants

Similarities Presence of cell wall—mostly cellulosic. Autotrophs/Primary producers— carry out photosynthesis Presence of chlorophyll a

Differences Algae lack the roots, stems, leaves, and other structures typical of true plants. Algae do not have vascular tissues—non vascular plants Algae do not form embryos within protective coverings—all cells are fertile. Variations in pigments. Variations in cell structure—unicellular, colonial and multicellular forms.

Supergroup Excavata Kingdom Euglenozoa (euglena) Supergroup “SAR” Clade Kingdom Stramenopila Phylum Chrysophyta (golden algae) Phylum Phaeophyta (brown algae) Phylum Heterokontophyta/Bacillariophyta (diatoms) Kingdom Alveolata Phylum Dinoflagellata (dinoflagellates) Kingdom Rhizaria (rhizarians) Phylum Radiolaria Phylum Foraminifera Supergroup Archeoplastida Kingdom Rhodophyta (red algae) Viridiplantae Kingdom Chlorophyta (green algae) Kingdom Charophytes Kingdom Plantae (embryophytes) Mostly Algaes

Excavata SAR: Stramenopila SAR: Rhizaria Archaeoplastida Unikonta Supergroups Red and green algae Slime molds Forams and radiolarians diatoms, golden and brown algae Euglenoids dinoflagellates SAR: Alveolata

Diatoms Peridinium Ceratium Spirogyra Chlamydomonas Volvox Algal Slides to examine

Excavata Euglenoids

Thecate- with shell Athecate- naked 2 kinds: centric (circular) and penate (oblong) Frustule (silica shell) centric pennate Phylum Bacillariophyta: Diatoms SAR: Stramenopila

Diatoms

epithecate hypothecate Diatom Reproduction- asexual auxospore Discards shell and grows new one

SAR: Stramenopila Dividing frustule Asexual reproduction Sexual reproduction Diatoms

Sargassum polyphyllum Sargassum echinocarpum Phaeophyta: Brown Algae Turbinaria ornata Padina japonica Hydroclathrus clathratus SAR: Stramenopila

Kelp

Single-celled eukaryote Animal/plant type organism with 2 flagella Bioluminescence Zooxanthellae: Symbiodinium Ceratium Phylum Pyrrophyta: dinoflagellate SAR: Alveolata

Spirogyra Archaeoplastida

Chlamydomonas Archaeoplastida

Volvox Archaeoplastida

Chlorophyta: Green Algae Caulerpa racemosa Caulerpa sertularioides Dictyosphaeria cavernosa Codium edule Halimeda opuntia Archaeoplastida

Hypnea chordacea Asparagopsis taxiformis Galaxaura fastigiata Acanthophora spicifera Ahnfeltia concinna Rhodophyta: Red Algae Archaeoplastida

Thickener and help smooth: Many foods and milk-products Toothpaste Beauty creams Paints Medical products- like bacterial culture plates, time-release pills, and dental impression gels

Halimeda opuntia Acanthophora Avrainvillae Eucheuma Gracilaria Hypnea Kappaphycus

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