Atmospheric Stability, Clouds and Lapse Rates. Hot Air Rises or

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Presentation transcript:

Atmospheric Stability, Clouds and Lapse Rates

Hot Air Rises or

PV/T=constant

Dry Adiabatic Lapse Rate The rate at which dry air cools as rises through the atmosphere DALR=9.8°C/km

Stability unstablestable

How Clouds Form When the rate of condensation is faster than the rate of evaporation, and the air is dirty, cloud droplets form. The rate of evaporation falls as the air gets colder, so there will be a certain temperature, called the dew point, at which cloud drops form.

Latent Heat Release Saturated Adiabatic Lapse Rate When water vapour condenses to form cloud droplets, latent heat is released This heat warms the air around So, when cloud droplets are forming, the rate at which air cools as it rises is less than the DALR Typically, the SALR is usually between 4°C/ km and 9°C/km, but on average its 5°C/km.

Cloud Base Height