Ch. 3 Section 1 The Jeffersonian Era Section 2 The Age of Jackson

Reduced the size of government and military; cut costs; eliminated internal taxes; reduced the influence of the national bank. Jefferson ushered in the beginning of South dominance of national politics, which weakened the influence of the Federalists. It prompted passage of the Twelfth Amendment, which called for electors to cast separate ballots for president and vice-president Affirmed the principle of judicial review (the ability of the Supreme Court to declare an act of Congress unconstitutional). Doubled the size of the U.S. territory; expanded the power of the presidency and the central government. Brought back valuable information concerning the West; showed that cross-country travel was possible; opened the way for settlement of the West

As speaker of the house, Henry Clay had great influence in Congress. Clay disliked and distrusted Jackson. Clay and the rest of Congress elected Adams to be president The federal government would provide funds to negotiate treaties that would force Native Americans to move west. Calhoun’s theory held that the U.S. Constitution was based on a compact among sovereign states. Since the states never relinquished their sovereignty, each state retained the right to determine whether acts of Congress were constitutional. If a state decided an act was unconstitutional it could nullify the act within its borders. More Americans became involved in the political process. Also, the West was playing an increasing role on national politics. Many of the pet banks that accepted federal deposits were wildcat banks that failed when people tried to redeem their currency for gold or silver.