Gender concerns in agricultural census in Africa WCA 2000 PRESENTATION OUTLINE 1.Introduction 2.Improved data collection regarding human and socio- economic factors 3.Results from selected countries

Gender concerns in agricultural census in Africa 1Introduction Urgent need to overcome general lack of gender specific data: WFS, 1996, recognised fundamental contribution women to food security, Changing role Government: central decision maker  facilitator of private sector involvement and decentralised decision-making Need to respond to recent emergencies: poverty, food insecurity, HIV/AIDS

Gender concerns in agricultural census in Africa 2.Improved data collection regarding human and socio-economic factors Gender-sensitive data reflects diverse situation of men and women in the agrarian economy  need to verify gender biases in: Agricultural holding  concept of sub-holder / field manager Head of Household  minimum presence of 6 months/year & interviewer training Agricultural labour: difficulty to distinguish between women’s productive and household activities

Gender concerns in agricultural census in Africa 3.Results from selected countries Include need for gender specific data in census objective Need for fine-tuning sub-holder concept, training and revision of analytical framework with regard to gender concerns Sub-holder concept one of most important innovations in 2000 WCA  allows for intra-household gender analysis of agricultural production Data producers and users need further training in gender concepts to increase demand for / use of gender specific data

Gender concerns in agricultural census in Africa Conclusion FIRST - Need to strengthen capacities of:  Statisticians for gender explicit analysis of agricultural data  Development planners use available data for gender specific planning

Gender concerns in agricultural census in Africa Conclusion SECOND – RECOGNITION NEED FOR DATA AT SUB-NATIONAL LEVEL This will illustrate regional differences in:  Agricultural performance  Feminisation of agricultural sector in Africa

Gender concerns in agricultural census in Africa > 5 Male Female Scale maximum = Figure 1 - Sex and age disaggregation of agricultural population – Guinea Source: Recensement national agricole, > 5 MaleFemale Scale maximum = GuineaLabe Region

Gender concerns in agricultural census in Africa Age group/ Province Male – female ratio in % NationalExtreme North NorthAdamaou a EastCentreSouthLittoralSouth- West North- West West MFMFMFMFMFMFMFMFMFMFMF – – – – – – > 5 ans50 National Table 1 – Distribution of agricultural population by sex, by age group and per province – CAMEROON Source: Agricultural census 1984

ProvinceHead of holding Agricultural Census 1984 Head of holding Agricultural survey ’85 – ‘86 Head of holding Agricultural survey’89 – ‘90 MaleFemaleMaleFemaleMaleFemale Extreme – North91,88,291,88,292,67,4 North93,26,894,75,393,66,4 Adamaoua91,09,091,58,588,111,9 East91,68,490,89,285,614,4 Centre77,822,278,521,571,828.2 South84,915,181,118,971,228,8 Littoral79,120,979,920,163,236,8 South-West83,916,183,116,984,615,4 North – West85,414,689,110,975,424,6 West75,824,273,626,46634 National85,414,685,214,879,420,6 Gender concerns in agricultural census in Africa Table 2- Heads of agricultural holdings by sex and per province – CAMEROON Source: Agricultural census 1984 ; Agricultural surveys, 1985 – 86 and 1989 – ‘90

Gender concerns in agricultural census in Africa Table 3 - Distribution of areas cultivated by crop and by sex of Head of Household and Plot Managers – BURKINA FASO Source: ENSA 1993, Burkina Faso Impact of introduction of sub-holder concept CropHead of Household/sex (collective cultivation) % Plot Manager/sex (individual cultivation) % Both % malefemalemalefemalemalefemale Millet Maize Rice Groundnuts Vouandzuo White sorghum Red sorghum (sub) Total