Cultural turns: - how culture impacts translation - why linguistics is not enough - translation: more than a text, it is politics!

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Presentation transcript:

Cultural turns: - how culture impacts translation - why linguistics is not enough - translation: more than a text, it is politics!

Translation as rewriting André Lefevere, Translation, Rewriting and the Manipulation of the Literary Fame, 1992 Rewriting is at work in: Historiography Anthologies Criticism Editing Translation

“Translation is rewriting of an original. All rewritings […] reflect a certain ideology and a poetics and as such manipulate literature to function in a given society in a given way. Rewriting is manipulation […] in its positive aspect [it] can help in the evolution of a literature and a society. Rewritings can introduce new concepts, new genres, new devices and the history of translation is the history also of literary innovation [...] But rewriting can also repress innovation, distort and contain [...] the study of the manipulation processes of literature […] can help us towards a greater awareness of the world” (Lefevere 1992, vii)

Very concrete factors govern the reception of a literary work Power Ideology Institution Manipulation

For IDEOLOGICAL REASONS (Aristophanes' Lysistrata) People involved in power positions “rewrite” literature For POETOLOGICAL REASONS (Fitzgerald / Khayyam)

3 MAIN COMPONENTS 1) Professionals within the literary system (teachers, critics, etc.)

3 MAIN COMPONENTS 1) Professional within the literary sytem (teachers, critics, etc.) 2) Patronage outside the literary system (persons or institutions that can help or hinder the reception of a work)

3 MAIN COMPONENTS 2) Patronage outside the literary system  The ideological component  The economic component  The status component

3 MAIN COMPONENTS 2) Patronage outside the literary system - undifferentiated - differentiated

3 MAIN COMPONENTS 1) Professionals within the literary system 2) Patronage outside the literary system 3) The dominant poetics

Interaction between poetics, ideology and translation “On every level of the translation process, it can be shown that, if linguistic considerations enter into conflict with considerations of an ideological and/or poetological nature, the latter tend to win out”

See J. Munday, Introducing Translation Studies (2008),