Charcoal Lesson 3 For Unit Plan By Marie Max-Fritz

Sketching Portraits 9 th grade Medium Charcoal History The Old Masters to Moderns Pennsylvania Academic Standards for the Arts and Humanities

Lesson Review Overview of medium, process, research essay History of artists 2 Studio sessions Extension: free time for research Teacher and student critique Research essays and final drawing due

Powdered Charcoal Powdered charcoal is used to: create tonal values usually over larger surfaces easily erases and can be darkened by adding layers.

Compressed Charcoal Powdered with gum binder round or square sticks charcoal pencils.

Vine Charcoal * Vine charcoal is willow or linden/Tilia twigs burnt into: soft medium hard consistencies

Pure Charcoal Very soft Very dark tones Very messy!

Accessories Kneaded eraser Tortillons (blending stump) Sandpaper block Kneaded Erasers Tortillons Sandpaper block

Fixatives Fine Art FixativeGloss/non-workable FixativeWorkable Fixative

The Human Figure Portraits and sketches by the Masters

Old Masters Early Renaissance High Renaissance Baroque

Early Renaissance 15 th Century ( A. D.) Raphael, 1507

High Renaissance 16 th Century ( A. D.) Michelangelo, 1528

Baroque 17 th to 18 th Centuries (1600 – 1700’s A. D.) Peter Paul Rubens, 1610

Moderns Romanticists and Impressionists Goya, 1795

Romantic 18 th and 19 th Centuries Delacroix, 1821

Impressionist 19 th Century Gaugin, circa 1890

Getting Started Clear drawing surface Layout paper – horizontal for landscape viewpoint – or vertical for portrait viewpoint Have drawing supplies ready – Charcoal, kneaded eraser, tortillons (blend stick) – Paper towels may be used for blending large areas

Step-by-step -Sketch the figure lightly -Make adjustments to proportions and perspectives -Add mid-tones with smooth or textured marks maintaining whiteness where desired -Emphasize shadows by adding darker marks -Blend -Refine shadows and light

Critique: Discuss Elements line shape light and dark mass volume texture perspective Principles Emphasis Balance Harmony V ariety Movement Rhythm Pr oportion Unity

Research Choose 2 figurative artists, one Old Master and one Modern Master, from the lists below. Write one aesthetic critique essay for each. Including: 1. time period 2. era/movement 3. elements of art 4. How are the artists similar? 5. How do they differ? Leonardo Da VinciAlbrecht DürerMichelangelo TitianSandro Botticelli Raphael El GrecoCaravaggio Peter Paul Rubens Nicolas PoussinDiego VelázquezRembrandt van Rijn Johannes VermeerDonatelloJacques David Francisco GoyaEugene Delacroix Theodore Gericault Joseph TurnerMary CassatJohn Singer Sargent Auguste RenoirEdgar DegasThomas Eakins Eduard ManetJean CourbetHenri de Toulouse L’autrec James WhistlerFrank BensonTheodore Robinson