Do Now – on looseleaf Create a hypothesis and design an experiment. This week was hot! I went out to look for really good deodorant and was deciding between my original deodorant and deodorant X. I wanted to sweat less and my original deodorant was not cutting it!

Life Functions Do Now What makes a rock nonliving and a horse living?

What is Biology? Study of life and living things

Living Things? There are 8 essential life processes necessary for every living organism. 1.G rowth 2.R espiration 3.R eproduction 4.R egulation 5.N utrition 6.E xcretion 7.T ransport 8.S ynthesis VOCAB: Organisms = Living Things

All living things are : Made up of Cell(s) Cells are the basic unit of life! – You just need 1 All life is made of one or more cells – Unicellular: made of one cell only (amoeba, bacteria) – Multicellular: made of many cells (you!) Most common life forms on Earth are single celled Cells have specific functions. Put them altogether, they make a multicellular organism – Example: Muscle cells, bone cells, neurons

Cells We start as one cell, fertilized egg. Every cell in our body comes from that first cell! Cell #1

Growth & Development Growth : Increase in size and/or the number of cells of an organism – Every organism has their own pattern of growth Flies – start as eggs, then maggots (larva) and then become flies. Humans – Develop specialized cells in the womb, are born and then grow bigger (more cells). I’m a baby; I’m just hanging out. Take care of me. I love my Living Environment Class with Mr. Bamberger!

Need materials & energy To carry on life functions, organisms need a source of energy Nutrition : Obtaining materials from the environment and using them for energy and growth. Ingestion – Digestion – Absorption – Excretion – taking in of food big molecules broken down into small molecules broken down nutrients absorbed into cells waste removal

To carry on life functions, organisms need a source of energy Respiration : Process by which energy is made (ATP) using the broken down food (glucose) and oxygen. Carbon dioxide and water are waste products. o Takes place in the mitochondria of cells Cellular Respiration Breathing

Transport Transport– end products of digestion and chemical reactions are moved into, around and moved out of cells.

Body Systems Involved in Ingestion and Transport Digestive System Respiratory system Circulatory System

Hold Up What is the smallest a living organism can be? You think you found a new life form. How can you tell if it is living?

DO NOW 1.What is an organism? 2.What is the smallest unit of life that is living? Why? 3.What 2 body systems are involved with material ingestion? 4.What are some substances we excrete?

Excretion Excretion: Removal of wastes from an organism. – Substances include: urine, sweat, CO2, H20 etc… All are produced in the cells as a result of their life processes (metabolism) – Without removal of wastes, they can become toxic

Body System involved in Excrement Excretory system!

Metabolism Metabolism – sum total of all the life functions of an organism, including all the chemical reactions (breaking down or building materials) Therefore, another word for Life Functions could be… Breaking down – A bowl of pasta is digested and broken down into simple molecular sugars Synthesis – Chemical reaction where large molecules are produced from smaller molecules (To make, build, create) Metabolism

Regulation Regulation - Organisms react to their surroundings in order to maintain homeostasis. The control and coordination of the bodies activities. Example: A plant seed can germinate (begin to grow) only when there is sufficient water and the ground is warm enough Example: WE SWEAT! Why?

Body system involved in Regulation Nervous system Endocrine system

Do Now 1.Using prefix sheet, what is the difference between: – Aerobic Respiration – Anaerobic Respiration 2.What is metabolism?

Reproduction Production of new individuals – Genetic information (DNA)passed to offspring ****Not necessary for the survival of a single organism ***Is necessary for the continued existence of a particular kind of organism (species) Species – Organisms that can reproduce by interbreeding among themselves

Reproduction Asexual Reproduction – creating new individuals from one parent (mitosis) Sexual Reproduction – creating new individuals from two parents Asexual Reproduction: One Parent Sexual Reproduction: Two Parents Lame You complete me

Body system involved in Reproduction Reproductive system

Do Now: (4,6) 1.Do all organisms need oxygen to live? 2.What is the difference between: – Aerobic – Anaerobic 3.What is the difference between – Asexual – Sexual

Homeostasis Homeostasis : maintaining an internal stable environment – The life functions we mentioned work towards maintaining homeostasis. It’s 98 degrees F outside. You start to sweat… why? You haven’t eaten for 2 days, your stomach grumbles… why? You eat bad Chinese food, and you get sick…why? Disease - Failure to maintain homeostasis

How would you visually show homeostasis?

How does your body maintain Homeostasis Negative feedback : – A response to a change in order to return the system/body to its original, stable state. Example: – Temperature drops, your body gets colder than it should be… You begin to SHIVER Body temperature rises as a result! – Body has certain blood sugar level; Too much sugar = body releases insulin to break down the sugar and keep your body’s blood-sugar level constant

Visual - Negative Feedback Maintaining Homeostasis

To recap, There are 8 life functions you must remember: (How could we describe using what we know?) Growth Respiration Regulation Reproduction Nutrition Excretion Transport Synthesis GRRRNETS