To develop your understanding of long-term and short-term effects of exercise on the muscular system
In your pairs, draw two columns, like below List as many effects of exercise on the Muscular System as possible Short Term Effects of Exercise Long Term Effects of Exercise
Increased energy demands Lactic acid build up Muscle fatigue These are all body responses
Also an immediate effect of exercise Two types: Isometric Muscle Contractions Isotonic Muscle Contractions
No muscle movement Muscle neither contracts or relaxes This type of muscle contraction is used for static strength Think of examples of when this could be used Rugby scrum Handstand in gymnastics
Muscles work in pairs to contract and relax to cause movement Used for explosive and dynamic actions This muscle contraction is normally used to produce speed and power Think of examples when this muscle contraction is used Tennis serve Jumping for the ball in football
There are four stations around the room Working in your fours, move to the station closest to you Try out the activity When you get there, find the following and write in your books: The name of the activity Is it an Isometric/Isotonic muscle contraction? Why? Which muscles are used? You have three minutes at each station!
Isometric muscle contraction There is no movement in any muscle – they all stay the same length Main muscles involved: quadriceps, hamstrings
Isotonic muscle contraction The muscles are working in antagonistic pairs to contract and relax the muscles to cause movement Main muscles involved: quadriceps, hamstrings, gluteals, gastrocnemius
Isotonic muscle contraction The muscles are working in antagonistic pairs to contract and relax the muscles to cause movement Main muscles involved: gluteals, deltoid, lattisimus dorsi, pectorals
Isometric muscle contraction There is no movement in any muscle – they all stay the same length Main muscles involved: biceps, triceps, quadriceps, hamstrings
Increased muscular strength Muscle hypertrophy Muscle hypertrophy is the increase in the size of the muscle These are body adaptations
What is the other effect of exercise on the muscular system? It is a negative effect of exercise
Muscle strain Where the muscle fibre tears Overstretching
Can’t participate in sport whilst injured Leads to muscle wastage This is called muscle atrophy
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