Hardware, Software, and Mobile Systems Chapter 4

4-2 Study Questions Q1: What do business professionals need to know about computer hardware? Q2: What do business professionals need to know about software? Q3: Is open source software a viable alternative? Q4: What are the differences between native and thin-client applications? Q5: Why are mobile systems increasingly important? Q6: What characterizes quality mobile user experiences? Q7: What are the challenges of personal mobile devices at work? Q8: 2023? Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

4-3 Q1:What Do Business Professionals Need to Know About Computer Hardware? Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

4-4 Server farm Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Large collection of coordinated servers

4-5 Computer Data Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

4-6 Important Storage-Capacity Terminology Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

4-7 Memory Swapping When RAM too small to hold all open programs and data CPU loads program segments into free memory –If none available, O/S swaps out existing segment, to a disk and copies requested segment to freed space Swapping slows down computer Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

4-8 Specifying Hardware with Computer Data Sizes CPU speed expressed in hertz Slow = 1.5 GHz; Fast = 3+ GHz –32-bit or 64-bit –64-bit for 4+ GB memory  Processing large spreadsheets, database files, picture, sound, or movie files; using many large applications at same time Cache and main memory are volatile Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

4-9 Q2: What Do Business Professionals Need to Know About Software? Basic Categories of Computer Software Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

4-10 What Are the Major Operating Systems? Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

4-11 What Are the Major Operating Systems? (cont'd) Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

4-12 Windows 8 Metro Interface Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

4-13 Virtualization Host operating system –Runs one or more operating systems as applications PC virtualization –Personal computer hosts several different operating systems Server virtualization –Server computer hosts other server computers –Makes cloud computing feasible Virtual desktop –Allows access from any computer a user has authorization to use Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

4-14 Virtualization: Windows Server Computer Hosting Two Virtual Machines Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

4-15 How Virtual Machine VM3 Appears to a User Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

4-16 Own Versus License License –Right to use specified number of copies –Limits vendor’s liability Site License –Flat fee to install software product on all company computers or all computers at a specific site Open source software –Free usage license Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

4-17 What Types of Applications Exist, and How Do Organizations Obtain Them? Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

4-18 What Is Firmware? Computer software installed on read-only memory Printers, print servers, communication devices Coded like other software Can be changed and upgraded Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

4-19 Using MIS InClass 4: Place Your Bets Now! Three-way race for market share – Apple, Google, Microsoft Merging software, hardware, personal communication devices, movies, etc. All have deep technical staff, knowledge, patents, and plenty of money Who will win? Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

4-20 Three-way Comparison Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

4-21 Q3:Is Open Source Software a Viable Alternative? GNL — General Public License Standard for open source software Successful open source projects –Open Office –Firefox –MySQL –Apache –Ubuntu –Android –Cassandra –Hadoop Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

4-22 Some Terms Open source – source available to public Source code – computer code written by humans and understandable by humans Machine code  Closed source code – highly protected and only available to trusted employees and carefully vetted contractors Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

4-23 Why Do Programmers Volunteer Their Services? It’s fun Freedom to choose projects Exercise creativity on interesting and fulfilling projects Exhibit one’s skill to get a job Start a business selling services Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

4-24 How Does Open Source Work? Collaboration of many programmers Examines source code and identifies a need, creates new feature or redesigns existing feature, or fixes a problem Code evaluated and extended by others Iteration, peer reviews and well-managed project yield high-quality code Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

4-25 Source Code Sample Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

4-26 Is Open Source Viable? Depends on requirements and constraints of situation “Free” open source software require support and operational costs, could cost more than licensing fee Future will involve blend of both proprietary and open source software Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

4-27 Q4: What Are the Differences Between Native and Thin-client Applications? Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

4-28 Developing Thin-client Applications Browser handles idiosyncrasies of operating system and underlying hardware Applications written by professional programmers, technically oriented web developers, or business professionals Cheaper to develop Limited by capabilities of the browser Thin-client applications via Web go to Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

4-29 One Consequence of Browser Differences for Thin-Client Applications Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

4-30 Which Is Better? Depends: –Strategy, goals, application requirements, budget, schedule, tolerance for managing technical projects, need for application revenue, etc. –Thin-client applications cheaper to develop and maintain, but may lack wow factor Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

4-31 Ethics Guide: “Because It’s Where the Money Is...” Hackers target where money is Windows targeted more than Mac Malware: Viruses, Trojan horses, Spyware, Adware Apple better get ready for avalanche of attacks. Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

4-32 Q5: Why Are Mobile Systems Increasingly Important? Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

4-33 Elements of a Mobile Information System Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

4-34 Q6: What Characterizes Quality Mobile User Experiences? Primary characteristics of quality mobile applications Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

4-35 Chrome-less Mobile Windows Store Application Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

4-36 Example of Application Scaling Example of IE10 Charm Scaling Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

4-37 Example Use of Web Page Data Declared as Shared Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

4-38 Mobile Systems Cloud Use Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

4-39 Kindle Fire Roaming Message Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

4-40 Q7: What Are the Challenges of Personal Mobile Devices at Work? Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

4-41 Six Common BYOD Policies Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

4-42 Advantages of Example BYOD Policies Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

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