Chapter 1 continued

 Observation- something noted with one of the five senses

 2. Hypothesis- a proposed explanation to a scientific question  3. Prediction- a statement that explains what would happen in an experiment if the hypothesis were true (If…then…)  4. Experiment- used to test a hypothesis  5. Analyze data  6. Conclusion

 Data and conclusions are communicated to scientific peers and to the public  Why?

 So others can verify, reject, or modify the researcher’s conclusions

 1)by publishing in scientific journals  2) by presenting to peers (peer review)

 Sharing finding allows others to verify findings or to continue work on results that have already been produced.

 When scientists who are experts in the field read and critique the work of other scientists

 Control group  Provides a normal standard against which a scientist can compare results Experimental group One factor is different than in the control group; that factor is called the… Independent variable or manipulated variable

 Another factor in the experimental group is the dependent variable or the responding variable The dependent variable can be measured.

 Data measured in numbers Ex. The density of water is 1 g/mL

 Scientists are continually revising information  They also make inferences- conclusions made on the basis of facts and previous knowledge rather than on direct observations

 Observation?  Inference?

 A theory is a highly tested, generally accepted principle based on a set of related, confirmed hypotheses.