Independent Variable is what you what you change in the experiment. You many only change 1 thing at a time. Some people nickname it the I-do variable. If I add Vinegar to baking soda,

Dependent Variable or the Responding Variable is the effect and it may or may not change. It what you see happening that depends on the independent variable. then it will create a reaction that will produce gas.

Controlled Variables These are the things that stay the same in an experiment. There can be many controlled variables. Ex. Using the same container in all tests, using the same type of thermometer for each test. In order to have a fair test I must keep everything except for the independent variable the same. I will use the same containers and methods to measure in my experiment!

Hypothesis Is a testable explanation of an observation. A hypothesis is NOT just an educated guess about what you think will happen. It must be able to be tested!

Conclusion A statement that accepts (hypothesis is right) or rejects (hypothesis is wrong) the hypothesis. *Write ideas on how you could study this subject more and what you might do to improve the procedure.

Scientific Method Involves a series of steps that are used to investigate a natural occurrence STEPS of THE SCIENTIFIC METHOD Problem/Question Observation/Research Formulate a Hypothesis Experiment Collect and Analyze Results Conclusion Communicate the Results (THEY DON’T ALWAYS GO IN ORDER)

Quantitative observations observations made when you collect data or information in a lab that is based on amounts or numbers: Examples: the temperature of a substance, the mass of a product, the amount of time, etc.... The root word of Quantitative is Quantity.

Qualitative Observation When a scientist performs an experiment that requires observations concerning the quality of what has happened in an experiment. What you can see that has changed during the experiment. Examples: The water turned blue after adding the chemicals, the powder had a strong smell. The root word is Quality.

X and Y Axis DRY MIX Dependent Variable = Responding Variable = Y axis Manipulated Variable = Independent Variable = X axis

Line Graph Line graphs are used to track changes over short and long periods of time. When smaller changes exist, line graphs are better to use than bar graphs. Line graphs can also be used to compare changes over the same period of time for more than one group.

Pie Chart Pie charts are best to use when you are trying to compare parts of a whole. They do not show changes over time. Needs to add up to 100%.

Bar Graphs Bar graphs are used to compare things between different groups or to track changes over time. However, when trying to measure change over time, bar graphs are best when the changes are larger.