Everything You Wanted To Remember About Memory. Study these terms, don’t forget And a good grade on the test you will get!

Three Kinds of Memory

Process we use to remember knowledge or skills we’ve learned in the past is called…

The Kinds of Memory Answer Memory

Three Kinds of Memory Being able to remember what you did over the weekend would be an example of this kind of memory.

The Kinds of Memory Answer Episodic Memory

Three Kinds of Memory These kind of memories are special because once you learn them, they tend to last a lifetime.

The Kinds of Memory Answer Procedural Memory

Three Kinds of Memory Memory of an event so surprising or significant to us that it is as if we photographed it in our mind. 9/11 would be an example of this.

The Kinds of Memory Answer Flashbulb Memory

Three Kinds of Memory Multiplication tables, the first president of the U.S. are both examples of this kind of memory.

The Kinds of Memory Answer Generic Memory

Three Kinds of Memory Riding a bike, swimming, playing an instrument, texting are all examples of this kind of memory.

The Kinds of Memory Answer Procedural Memory

Three Processes of Memory

The processing of information into the memory system. This is like typing info into a computer

The Processes of Memory Answer Encoding

Three Processes of Memory The retention of encoded material over time. Saving information into a computer.

The Processes of Memory Answer Storage

Three Processes of Memory The process of getting the information out of memory storage. Finding where you saved a document and then opening it up.

The Processes of Memory Answer Retrieval

Three Processes of Memory You recognize an actor in the movie but when you go to say his name just the first letter of his name comes to mind. You know you know the name but it won’t pop into your consciousness. This is an example of…

The Processes of Memory Answer Tip of the Tongue Phenomenon

Three Processes of Memory An example of this is when you’re angry you remember other times you were angry.

The Processes of Memory Answer State Dependent Memory

Three Processes of Memory You get home and don’t remember that there was any homework for class. The next day as you walk into class you suddenly remember the teacher explaining the assignment. This is an example of…

The Processes of Memory Answer Context Effect

Three Processes of Memory Being asked to name the 7 dwarfs off the top of your head is an example of this kind of retrieval task.

The Processes of Memory Answer Recall

Three Processes of Memory Multiple choice questions are an example of this kind of retrieval task.

The Processes of Memory Answer Recognition

Three Processes of Memory A way of getting information to storage where a person repeats information over and over.

The Processes of Memory Answer Maintenance Rehearsal

Three Processes of Memory When you relate information to something you already know. This way of getting something into storage will cause it to last longer.

The Processes of Memory Answer Elaborative Rehearsal

Three Processes of Memory This type of encoding is the least effective form and is when you picture things in your mind.

The Processes of Memory Answer Visual Encoding

Three Processes of Memory Saying something over and over in your mind to encode it or just being able to remember what the teacher said in class is an example of this kind of encoding.

The Processes of Memory Answer Acoustic Encoding

Three Processes of Memory When you encode the meaning of something. This is the best form of encoding.

The Processes of Memory Answer Semantic Encoding

Three Processes of Memory When you make the information meaningful by relating it to your own life and experiences. A type of semantic encoding.

The Processes of Memory Answer Self-Reference Effect.

Mnemonics

Placing items you want to remember throughout the room or your house.

Mnemonics Answer Method of Loci

Mnemonics Remembering a grocery list by kinds of food (dairy, snacks, breakfast foods)

Mnemonics Answer Categorical Clustering

Mnemonics Learning your numbers by using the saying One, Two Freddy’s coming for You Three, Four better lock the door…

Mnemonics Answer Peg-Word System

Mnemonics HOMES = Huron, Ontario, Michigan, Erie, Superior This is an example of…

Mnemonics Answer Acronym

Mnemonics Example: Please Excuse My Dear Aunt Sally (Math) Example: Every Good Boy Deserves Fudge (Music)

Mnemonics Answer Acrostic

Mnemonics Example: Elvis shook his pelvis Stalactite holds tight to the ceiling

Mnemonics Answer Keyword System

Mnemonics Link a set of isolated words by creating visual representations for the words and then picturing interactions among the items. Example: If you had to remember a list of random things like an aardvark, pencil, table and book picture the aardvark sitting on a table holding pencil in its claws and writing in a book.

Mnemonics Answer Interactive Images

Three Stages of Memory

This extremely brief memory holds info just long enough for us to process basic physical characteristics.

Three Stages of Memory Answer Sensory

Three Stages of Memory Another name for Short-Term Memory

Three Stages of Memory Answer Working Memory

Three Stages of Memory A brief memory of an image that only lasts for a fraction of a second is what kind of memory?

Three Stages of Memory Answer Iconic Memory

Three Stages of Memory A brief memory of a sound that lasts for several seconds.

Three Stages of Memory Answer Echoic Memory

Three Stages of Memory This stage of memory can hold 7 items + or – 2 for about 30 seconds and it basically whatever you are consciously thinking about.

Three Stages of Memory Answer Short-Term Memory

Three Stages of Memory This person’s experiment showed that our sensory memory is actually quite large even though it may only last for a fraction of a second.

Three Stages of Memory Answer Sperling

Three Stages of Memory The fact that when you counted the number of passes the ghost images were making in the video we watched that most of you missed the lady with the umbrella shows the idea of …

Three Stages of Memory Answer Selective Attention

Three Stages of Memory You look up a phone number and then say it to yourself for several seconds as you walk across the room to dial it. What is this an example of?

Three Stages of Memory Answer Maintenance Rehearsal

Three Stages of Memory When given a list to remember you most likely will recall what parts of the list?

Three Stages of Memory Answer Beginning (Primacy Effect) End (Recency Effect)

Three Stages of Memory When remembering a phone number you remember it as: rather than This demonstrates…

Three Stages of Memory Answer Chunking

Three Stages of Memory This stage of memory: –Function—organizes and stores information –Unlimited capacity –Duration—thought by some to be permanent

Three Stages of Memory Answer Long-Term Memory

Forgetting

At what stage of memory can forgetting occur?

Forgetting Answer Any stage

Forgetting Tip of the Tongue Phenomenon is an example of forgetting at which stage of memory?

Forgetting Answer Retrieval

Forgetting A clue, prompt, or hint that triggers recall A question on a test is an example of this.

Forgetting Answer Retrieval Cue

Forgetting Which is easier a recall test or recognition test?

Forgetting Answer Recognition Test

Forgetting Better recall if tested in classroom where you initially learned information is an example of this type of memory based on a retrieval cues.

Forgetting Answer Context-Dependent Memory

Forgetting Recall improved if internal physiological or emotional state is the same during testing and initial encoding

Forgetting Answer State-Dependent Memory

Forgetting Positive mood will likely cause you to remember other times you were positive. This is an example of…

Forgetting Answer Mood Congruence

Forgetting T or F: There is no such thing as having a perfect memory of something.

Forgetting Answer True

Forgetting New or Old Memories can get in the way of us retrieving information in a process called…

Forgetting Answer Interference

Forgetting This is your metal framework to interpret information. For instance, when a person says “dog” you immediately think of a certain kind of dog in your head. Your brain uses these to complete the gaps in your memory.

Forgetting Answer Schemas

Forgetting Type of memory that is distorted and inaccurate memory that feels completely real and is often accompanied by all the emotional impact of a real memory.

Forgetting Answer False Memory

Forgetting When the true source of the memory (how, when, & where it was acquired) is forgotten.

Forgetting Answer Source Confusion

Forgetting This person’s studies showed us that memory can be distorted easily that it most likely is an imperfect reconstruction of events.

Forgetting Answer Elizabeth Loftis

Forgetting Incorporating misleading information into one’s memory of an event. Like the professor in the eyewitness video saying “I think he had a funny nose.”

Forgetting Answer Misinformation Effect

Forgetting When it comes to memory it is important to remember that memory is always a ___________.

Forgetting Answer Reconstruction

Forgetting Are children’s memories very accurate?

Forgetting Answer No, they are open to suggestion.

Forgetting This showed that there is a rapid forgetting of information at first but then it levels out over time.

Forgetting Answer Ebbinghaus Forgetting Curve

Forgetting Ebbinghaus proved that the more ______ spent learning something the more info a person would retain.

Forgetting Answer Time

Forgetting At what process of memory does not paying attention cause the most forgetting?

Forgetting Answer Encoding

Forgetting When an OLD memory interferes with remembering NEW information

Forgetting Answer Proactive Interference

Forgetting When a NEW memory interferes with remembering OLD information

Forgetting Answer Retroactive Interference

Forgetting When something is too upsetting, your unconscious mind tries to protect you from by preventing you from remembering it.

Forgetting Answer Repression

Forgetting When you consciously try to forget something. Remember the number we said to forget in class?

Forgetting Answer Suppression

Forgetting The theory that states that memories fade away over time.

Forgetting Answer Decay Theory

Forgetting This type of amnesia is probably caused by the fact that when you are so young the part of your brain used for making memories is not fully formed yet (hippocampus).

Forgetting Answer Infantile Amnesia

Forgetting Usually caused by injury this type of amnesia prevents a person from forming new memories.

Forgetting Answer Anterograde Amnesia

Forgetting Usually caused by injury this type of amnesia prevents the person from remembering anything from before the injury or trauma.

Forgetting Answer Retrograde Amnesia