Unit 3 Life in the future 高二人教新课标版必修五 Learning about language

Discovering useful words and expressions 1. Find the words from this unit to fill in these boxes People space guide visitors steward stewardess … Space travel

Machines / Equipment time capsule opening space capsule hovering carriages mask safety-belt jet flying vehicles … Space travel

time lag, happy and optimistic feelings, uncertain, jet lag, pessimistic or depressed feelings, headache, exhausted … Space travel effects

2. Combine a verb from the left box with a word from the right box. Write down the verb phrases in the blanks. Then use them to complete the sentences. search take slide sweep press for up down into

search for take up sweep up press down slide into 搜索，寻找 接受 横扫，打扫 按压 溜进，移动

1 ) Where on earth did I put my belt? I am constantly losing it and having to __________it! 2 ) When we flew in the space capsule we were _________into the sky so quickly that I did not even have time to fasten my safety belt. search for swept up

3 ) When we wanted the hovering carriage to speed up. We ___________ hard on the driving pedal and bent over in the direction we wanted to go. 4 ) After having your dinner, you must _________ all the rubbish on the floor, Let the next group of people have pleasant surroundings to eat in. pressed down sweet up

5 ) After he won the competition. Li Qiang _______ his prize and went on a time tour with his friend and guide Wang Ping. 6 ) The steward opened the door of the spaceship and Li Qiang ____ sideways ____ his seat. took up slid into

3. Complete this advertisement choosing words or phrases in their proper forms. take up, constant, tolerate, previous, lose sight of, link, adjustment, stewardess, opportunity, bend

Many people need to be reminded of the job ____________ in space stations, which _________ need space cooks, cleaners, teachers, stewards and ____________. You can be swiftly trained for your new job from using ________ skills. At first people may find the __________to space life difficult to ________. opportunities constantly stewardesses previous adjustment tolerate

However, they will be able to overcome the difficulties if their families encourage them to _______ the job. That is why we persuade families not to ___________ the advantages that come from a period of time in space. For health reasons only one stay of three years is allowed. People often want to stay longer, but the ______ between illness and length of stay is strong. It is sad, but the rules cannot be ______for anyone. take up lost sight of link bent

Grammar 过去分词作定语和状语

过去分词有两个显著的特点，即：从 时间上讲，表示动作已经完成；从语 态上讲，表示被动的概念，但是如果 是不及物动词用作过去分词形式，则 只表示时间上的过去，而没有被动意 义。过去分词在句中通常可以作表语、 补足语、定语或状语.

1. 过去分词作定语时，单个分词一般放 在名词之前，分词短语放在名词之后。 Her job was to take care of the wounded soldier. We are doing our written exercises. The machine run by the old worker is made in Shanghai. 过去分词作定语

过去分词作定语时, 它的作用相当于 一个定语从句。 This will be the best novel of its kind ever written. = Who were the so-called guests invited (= ) to your part last night? that has ever been written who had been invited

如果被修饰的词是由 every/some/any/no + thing/body/one 所构成的复合代词或指 示代词 those 等时，即使一个单一的分词 作形容词用，也要放在被修饰词的后面。 例如： Is there anything unsolved? There is noting changed here since I left this town. 注意 :

2. 表示情感的动词的过去分词 由表示情感或心理状态的动词的过去分 词作定语时，通常不可以修饰无生命物， 有些过去分词已经完全形容词化，常见 的这类过去分词有： disappointed, moved, interested, touched. surprised, shocked, puzzled, frightened 等。 a frightened driver 吓坏了的司机 a disappointed girl 感到失望的女孩

3. 不及物动词的过去分词作定语时只 表示动作的完成，而没有被动语态 的意义。 如： newly-arrived goods 新到的 fallen leaves 落叶 faded flowers 凋谢的花

1. What’s the language ___ in Germany? A. speaking B. spoken C. be spoken D. to speak 简析 : 该题应选 B 。测试过去分词作后 置定语表达被动, 等于定语从句 which is spoken 。 B

2. Most of the artists ____ to the party were from South Africa. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited 简析 : 该题应选 A 。测试过去分词作后 置定语表达被动, 等于定语从句 who were invited 。 A

3. The computer centre, ___ last year, is very popular among the students in this school. A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened 简析 : 该题应选 D 。测试过去分词短语 作定语放在所修饰的名词后, 可以用非 限制性定语从句 “which was opened last year” 代替。 简析 : 该题应选 D 。测试过去分词短语 作定语放在所修饰的名词后, 可以用非 限制性定语从句 “which was opened last year” 代替。 D

4. The first textbooks ____ for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 16th century. A. having written B. to be written C. being written D. written 简析 : 该题应选 D 。测试过去分词作后 置定语表达被动, 等于定语从句 which were written 。 简析 : 该题应选 D 。测试过去分词作后 置定语表达被动, 等于定语从句 which were written 。 D

1. 过去分词作状语时其逻辑主语应该和 句子的主语保持一致。通常过去分词 在句中可以作时间状语、原因状语、 方式状语、伴随状语和让步状语等， 而且可以与对应的状语从句进行句型 转换。 过去分词作状语

过去分词作时间状语 1., ice will be changed into water. 1. When it is heated, ice will be changed into water., ice will be changed into water. When heated, ice will be changed into water.

2., a fresh snowflake has a delicate six- pointed. 2. When it is seen under a microscope, a fresh snowflake has a delicate six- pointed. a fresh snowflake has a delicate six-pointed shape. Seen under a microscope, a fresh snowflake has a delicate six-pointed shape.

过去分词作原因状语 1., the young lady was no longer afraid. 1. Since/ As she was given advice by the famous detective, the young lady was no longer afraid. the young lady was no longer afraid. Given advice by the famous detective, the young lady was no longer afraid.

2., his homework was full of mistakes. 2. Because it was done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes. his homework was full of mistakes. Done in a hurry, his homework was full of mistakes.

过去分词作条件或者假设状语, the cabbages could have grown better. 1.If they had been given more attention, the cabbages could have grown better. the cabbages could have grown better. Given more attention, the cabbages could have grown better.

2. Kept in refrigerator, these vegetables will remain fresh. If they are kept in refrigerator, these vegetables will remain fresh.

作方式或伴随情况状语 1.The hunter left his house, 1.The hunter left his house, followed by his dog. The hunter left his house, and The hunter left his house, and he was followed by his dog.

2. She sat by the window, lost in thought. She sat by the window, and She sat by the window, and she was lost in thought. lost 表示一种迷失心理状态

1. The Olympic Games, ___ in 776 B. C., didn’t include women until A. first playing B. to be first played C. first played D. to be playing 考考你 C

rise, the actress said that money was not important. A. asked B. asking C. having asked D. being asked A2. When _____ if she would request a

3. Yesterday I saw in the newspaper a teaching post _____ at a school close to my home and I wanted to apply for it. A. advertises B. advertising C. advertised D. to advertise C

4. ____ time, he’ll make a first-class tennis player ． A. Having given B. To give C. Giving D. Given D 5. Mr Smith, ____ of the ____ speech, started to read a novel. A. tired; boring B. tiring; bored C. tired; bored D. tiring; boring A

6. Unless ____ to speak, you should remain silent at the conference. remain silent at the conference. A. invited B. inviting A. invited B. inviting C. being invited D. having invited C. being invited D. having invited 7. When ____, the museum will be open to the public next year. A. completed B. completing C. being completed D. to be completed A A

8. If ____ the same treatment again, he is sure to get well. A. giving B. give C. given D. being given 9. ____ in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States. A. Being founded B. It was founded C. Founded D. Founding C C

Homework Summarize the rules of past participles used as attributives and adverbials.