Classifying Animals Objective 4.1

Characteristics of Animals 1.Multi-cellular 2.Require oxygen 3.Consume other organisms for food 4.Able to move at some point 5.Reproduce 6.Divided into 2 categories  Invertebrates  vertebrates

Invertebrates CharacteristicsTypes CharacteristicsTypes No backboneNo backbone Largest groupLargest group Very diverseVery diverse 1.Sponges 2.Cnidarians- jellyfish 3.Echinoderms- starfish 4.Mollusks- snails, squids 5.Worms 6.Arthropods- lobsters, spiders

Let’s watch Brainpop Sponges

Invertebrates Porifera: Sponges  No body symmetry  No body tissues or organs  They are filter feeders  Able to reproduce sexually and asexually  Adult sponges are not able to move

Filter feeders  are animals that feed by straining suspended matter and food particles from water, typically by passing the water over a specialized filtering structure. animals  Filter feeders can play an important role in clarifying water.

Cnidarians

Invertebrates Cnidarians-  Radial symmetry  Have stinging cells used for capturing food and defending themselves  Adults can move to escape danger and capture food  Reproduce sexually and asexually  Simple digestive systems  Examples: jellyfish and coral

Stinging cells  When touched they can discharge a barbed thread that is connected to a venom sac.  can even be used for defense.  can be very venomous and deadly, most just causes discomfort

Invertebrates Echinoderms-  Spiny-skin  Sucker like parts to catch prey  Examples: starfish, sea urchins, sea cucumbers

Invertebrates Mollusks-  Soft, unsegmented bodies  Most have hard outer shell  Bilateral symmetry  Three major groups: Gastropods, bivalves, and cephalopods  Examples oysters, snails, squid, octopus

Gastropods  Have a single external shell or no shell at all.  Gastropods move by the use of a muscular foot.

Bivalves  Two-shelled mollusks that utilize filter feeding.  Adult bivalves stay in one place or move slowly through the water.

Cephalopods  Are ocean-dwelling mollusks whose foot is adapted to form tentacles around its mouth.  Not all cephalopods have shells.  Cephalopods capture prey by using its tentacles and swim by jet propulsion.

Invertebrates Worms  Simple organ systems  Bilateral symmetry  Have long, narrow bodies without legs.  Many are parasitic  Divided into three groups-flatworms (phylum Platyhelminthes), roundworms (phylum Nematoda) and segmented worms (phylum Annelida).  Reproduce sexually and asexually  Examples: flatworms, roundworms, earthworms

Invertebrates Arthropods-  Largest group of invertebrates  Jointed body parts  Exoskeletons  Bilateral symmetry  Examples: lobsters, spiders, insects

Vertebrates  Have a backbone  Two types  Cold blooded  Warm blooded

Vertebrates Fish  Ectotherm-Cold blooded  bilateral symmetry  They have fins and scales, which cover and protect their body.  They either backbones of cartilage or bone.  They have tissues, organs, and organ systems.  Use gills to obtain oxygen  Classified into three groups. jawless fish the fish whose skeleton is made of cartilage, and the fish whose skeleton is composed mostly of bone  adapted to live in salt or fresh water. 

Vertebrates Amphibians  Cold blooded  Begin life in water but do not live life there  Need water to reproduce  Ex: frog, salamander, newt

Vertebrates Reptiles  Can breathe air and are cold blooded (cannot regulate body temperature).  Most lay eggs  Eyes are located at the front of the head to facilitate binocular vision  Keen sense organs, which help them to find food and escape from predators.  No metamorphosis  Offspring resemble the adults at the time of birth  Internal fertilization-sperm gets deposited into the reproductive tract of the female directly.  Their bodies are covered with scales or scutes Examples: lizards, snakes, turtles

Vertebrates Birds  Endothermic-warm blooded  Lay eggs  Internal fertilization  Bilateral symmetry  Ability to fly  Will care for their young until they are able to fly.  Bodies are covered with feathers and have a four- chambered heart.  Examples: ostrich, penguin, robin

Vertebrates Mammals  Endothermic-warm blooded  A four-chambered heart and skin covered with fur or hair.  Complex body systems  Large brain  Bilateral symmetry  Walk or run on four limbs  Born alive and are fed with milk produced by the mother  Classified into three groups based on how their young develop: monotremes, marsupials, and placental mammals.  Mammals usually care for their young for an extended period of time.  All mammals reproduce with internal fertilization.

Vertebrates CharacteristicsTypes CharacteristicsTypes Has backboneHas backbone 2 types2 types Cold bloodedCold blooded Warm bloodedWarm blooded 1.Fish 2.Amphibians 3.Reptiles 4.Birds 5.Mammals Cold blooded Warm blooded

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