Nations develop Objective: to analyze the actions of Monarchs and how they shaped England and France’s geography
Henry II King of England AD chapter 1 England Also feudal lord in France (1/2)-inherited Normandy from his great grandfather-WTC Married Eleanor of Aquitaine-added more of France to his holdings as she was wealthiest European lady. Vassal of Louis VII but better soldier so victorious over him
Ch 2 of England King Richard I AD Hero of King’s crusade The “Lionhearted” defended French lands valiantly Died after only 10 years of ruling John “softsword” his brother took throne AD John ruled cruelly and lost many lands as he was a terrible soldier LOST many lands to Phillip II
Ch 3 turn of tides England loses land to France Phillip Augustus watched his father lose to Henry II, now his turn to win back his father’s claims in 1180 at he took Normandy from John 1206 took rest of lands in N France from John Only S France (Aquitaine & Gascony) loyal to John Phillip triples lands for French King and becomes more powerful than vassals, setting the stage for 2 separate Nations : France and England
John is limited: Magna Carta-power changes John was selfish, cruel, dishonorable and his subjects disliked him-so Used his defeats by France and cynical lustful character as a reason to create the MAGNA CARTA 1215 Runnymede (along Thames), Barons, Bishops, signed great charter that limited king’s power:
Magna Carta: Guarantees basic rights Taxes only levied if common consent is made(King and King’s Great Council-Barons) (no taxation with out representation) No freeman arrested without a jury/trail. Law protects all-due process of law Limited Monarchy- even king follows law and customs: LAW above King!