CH 5 Section 3 & 4 Sumerian Achievements and Later People of the Fertile Crescent
Cuneiform Cuneiform – the world’s first system of writing. Styluses- tool they used to write with What did they write on? Answer: Tablet
Sumerian Cuneiform
Development of Writing Pictographs- a picture with symbols Scribe- a person who writes Epic- long poems that tell stories of heroes What was the name of the story about the legendary Sumerian King? The Epic of Gilgamesh
Advancements and Inventions The Wheel The Plow Sewers
Math and Science Math Based on the number 60 (The Clock) Circle divided into 360 degrees Areas of rectangles and triangles
The Art of Sumer Architecture- the science and art of building Ziggurat- a pyramid shaped temple that rose high above the city in Sumer. (Dominated City)
Sumerians to Akkadians After the Fall of Sargon the Sumerians came back for a little bit and were called Sumerians II (After the Fall of Sargon) Who came next?
Babylonians Conqueror Mesopotamia
Section 4 Later People of the Fertile Crescent Babylonians Conquer Mesopotamia Around 1792 BC Hammurabi became King He ruled for 42 years, creating the Babylon Empire
Hammurabi’s Code 282 Laws that dealt with almost every part of daily life. Why is it important? It contains some ideas that are still found in laws today.
“A eye for an eye…” Hammurabi's Code
Invasions of Mesopotamia Hittites and Kassites- built a kingdom in what is known today as modern day Turkey. Hittities king was assassinated and the Kassites took over Hittites- mastered ironworking, stronger weapons Chariot- a wheeled horse-drawn cart used in battle.
Hittites and Kassites Hittites and Kassites
Next the Assyrians 1200 BC –rose to power But were soon overpowered by invaders 900 BC- Came back and began to take over the entire Fertile Crescent Strong Army and Weaponry led to their take over of the region. Nineveh- Capital City of the Assyrians Map on page 134
Chaldeans/ Neo Babylonian Empire 652 BC- War between Assyrians and Chaldeans. 612 BC Chaldeans had defeated the Assyrians. Nineveh- new capital for the Chaldeans King Nebuchadnezzar- rebuilt Babylon, featuring famous Hanging Gardens.
Chaldeans Advancements Admired Sumerian culture Center for Astronomy Kept track of economical, political, and weather events Geometry
Hanging Gardens & Nebuchadnezzar
The Phoenicians Created a wealthy trading society Located in Modern Day Lebanon
Most Important Achievement Alphabet- is a set of letters that can be combined to form words.
List the Civilizations from Earliest to Latest 1. S umerians 2. A kkadians 3. S umerians 2 (After the Fall of Sargon) 4. B abylonians 5. H ittites 6. K assites 7. A ssyrians 8. C haldeans