Scott Guthrie

A new option for ASP.NET Easily testable and TDD friendly “Closer to the Metal” option HTTP programming model surfaced More control over and URLs Not for everyone (car vs. motorcycle) Lots of WebForms improvements coming

Maintain Clean Separation of Concerns Enable highly maintainable applications Enable Easy Unit Testing Support Red/Green TDD Extensible and Pluggable Support replacing any component of system

Enable clean URLs and HTML SEO and REST friendly URL structures Great integration within ASP.NET All the same providers still work Membership, Session, Caching, etc.

ASP.NET MVC Preview 5 Currently Out Beta release in a few weeks Final V1 by end of the year Production Deployment Supported Now

Model ControllerView

BrowserBrowser Web Server ProductsController(Controller)ProductsController(Controller) Product(Model)Product(Model) SQLSQL Edit.aspx(View)Edit.aspx(View) ViewData

ProductsController(Controller)ProductsController(Controller) GET: /Products/Edit/5 Product(Model)Product(Model) SQLSQL POST: /Products/Edit/5 URL:

Enable custom behavior to be added to Controllers and Controller actions Examples:[OutputCache][Authorize][HandleError]

Can setup custom URL routing rules within the RegisterRoutes() method in Global.asax Enables very flexible mapping and route rules: Default parameters Constraints Named routes Wildcard “catch-all” routes

Built-in AJAX helper object within views Ajax.Form()Ajax.ActionLink()Ajax.RouteLink() Automatically emit client-side JavaScript Use ASP.NET AJAX library by default Pluggable to use jQuery, Prototype, or other AJAX libraries as well

Custom Route Rules Controller Factories Custom IController implementations Custom View Engines

A new option for ASP.NET. More control over your and URLs More easily testable approach Not for everyone – only use it if you want to Shipping later this year

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Mockable Intrinsics HttpContextBase, HttpResponseBase, HttpRequestBase ExtensibilityIControllerIControllerFactoryIRouteHandlerViewEngineBase

No requirement to test within ASP.NET runtime. Can mock parts of runtime you want to fake [TestMethod] public void ShowPostsDisplayPostView() { BlogController controller = new BlogController(…); var result = controller.ShowPost(2) as ViewResult; Assert.IsNotNull(result); Assert.AreEqual(result.ViewData[“Message”], “Hello”); } [TestMethod] public void ShowPostsDisplayPostView() { BlogController controller = new BlogController(…); var result = controller.ShowPost(2) as ViewResult; Assert.IsNotNull(result); Assert.AreEqual(result.ViewData[“Message”], “Hello”); }

Should I use WebForms or MVC? Difference between MVC and MVP? Do I have to write code in my view? What about AJAX? How fast/scalable is it? When will it ship?

You can futz at each step in the process Request HTTP Routing Route Route Handler Http Handler Controller View Engine View Response

ViewsControllersModelsRoutes …are all Pluggable

View Engines render output You get WebForms by default Can implement your own MVCContrib has ones for Brail, Nvelocity NHaml is an interesting one to watch View Engines can be used to Offer new DSLs to make HTML easier Generate totally different mime/types Images, RSS, JSON, XML, OFX, VCards, whatever.

ViewEngineBase public abstract class ViewEngineBase { public abstract class ViewEngineBase { public abstract void RenderView(ViewContext viewContext); public abstract void RenderView(ViewContext viewContext); }

Page Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/Views/Shared/Site.Master" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="List.aspx" Inherits="MvcApplication5.Views.Products.List" Title="Products" %> CodeBehind="List.aspx" Inherits="MvcApplication5.Views.Products.List" Title="Products" %> ( ) ( ) </asp:Content>

%h2= ViewData.CategoryName %ul - foreach (var product in ViewData.Products) %li = product.ProductName.editlink = Html.ActionLink("Edit", new { Action="Edit", ID=product.ProductID }) = Html.ActionLink("Add New Product", new { Action="New" }) - foreach (var product in ViewData.Products) %li = product.ProductName.editlink = Html.ActionLink("Edit", new { Action="Edit", ID=product.ProductID }) = Html.ActionLink("Add New Product", new { Action="New" })

MVC

Base Controller Class Basic Functionality most folks will use IController Interface Ultimate Control for the Control Freak IControllerFactory For plugging in your own stuff (IOC, etc)

Scenarios, Goals and Design URLs route to controller “actions”, not pages – mark actions in Controller. Controller executes logic, chooses view. All public methods are accessible public void ShowPost(int id) { Post p = PostRepository.GetPostById(id); if (p != null) { RenderView("showpost", p); } else { RenderView("nosuchpost", id); }

public class Controller : IController { … protected virtual void Execute(ControllerContext controllerContext); protected virtual void Execute(ControllerContext controllerContext); protected virtual void HandleUnknownAction(string actionName); protected virtual void HandleUnknownAction(string actionName); protected virtual bool InvokeAction(string actionName); protected virtual bool InvokeAction(string actionName); protected virtual void InvokeActionMethod(MethodInfo methodInfo); protected virtual void InvokeActionMethod(MethodInfo methodInfo); protected virtual bool OnError(string actionName, protected virtual bool OnError(string actionName, MethodInfo methodInfo, Exception exception); MethodInfo methodInfo, Exception exception); protected virtual void OnActionExecuted(FilterExecutedContext filterContext); protected virtual void OnActionExecuted(FilterExecutedContext filterContext); protected virtual bool OnActionExecuting(FilterExecutedContext filterContext); protected virtual bool OnActionExecuting(FilterExecutedContext filterContext); protected virtual void RedirectToAction(object values); protected virtual void RedirectToAction(object values); protected virtual void RenderView(string viewName, protected virtual void RenderView(string viewName, string masterName, object viewData); string masterName, object viewData);}

public class Controller : IController { … protected virtual void Execute(ControllerContext controllerContext); protected virtual void Execute(ControllerContext controllerContext); protected virtual void HandleUnknownAction(string actionName); protected virtual void HandleUnknownAction(string actionName); protected virtual bool InvokeAction(string actionName); protected virtual bool InvokeAction(string actionName); protected virtual void InvokeActionMethod(MethodInfo methodInfo); protected virtual void InvokeActionMethod(MethodInfo methodInfo); protected virtual bool OnError(string actionName, protected virtual bool OnError(string actionName, MethodInfo methodInfo, Exception exception); MethodInfo methodInfo, Exception exception); protected virtual void OnActionExecuted(FilterExecutedContext filterContext); protected virtual void OnActionExecuted(FilterExecutedContext filterContext); protected virtual bool OnActionExecuting(FilterExecutedContext filterContext); protected virtual void RedirectToAction(object values); protected virtual bool OnActionExecuting(FilterExecutedContext filterContext); protected virtual void RedirectToAction(object values); protected virtual void RenderView(string viewName, protected virtual void RenderView(string viewName, string masterName, object viewData); string masterName, object viewData);}

public class Controller : IController { … protected virtual void Execute(ControllerContext controllerContext); protected virtual void Execute(ControllerContext controllerContext); protected virtual void HandleUnknownAction(string actionName); protected virtual void HandleUnknownAction(string actionName); protected virtual bool InvokeAction(string actionName); protected virtual bool InvokeAction(string actionName); protected virtual void InvokeActionMethod(MethodInfo methodInfo); protected virtual void InvokeActionMethod(MethodInfo methodInfo); protected virtual bool OnError(string actionName, protected virtual bool OnError(string actionName, MethodInfo methodInfo, Exception exception); MethodInfo methodInfo, Exception exception); protected virtual void OnActionExecuted(FilterExecutedContext filterContext); protected virtual void OnActionExecuted(FilterExecutedContext filterContext); protected virtual bool OnActionExecuting(FilterExecutedContext filterContext); protected virtual bool OnActionExecuting(FilterExecutedContext filterContext); protected virtual void RedirectToAction(object values); protected virtual void RedirectToAction(object values); protected virtual void RenderView(string viewName, protected virtual void RenderView(string viewName, string masterName, object viewData); string masterName, object viewData);}

public class Controller : IController { public class Controller : IController { … protected virtual void Execute(ControllerContext controllerContext); protected virtual void Execute(ControllerContext controllerContext); protected virtual void HandleUnknownAction(string actionName); protected virtual void HandleUnknownAction(string actionName); protected virtual bool InvokeAction(string actionName); protected virtual bool InvokeAction(string actionName); protected virtual void InvokeActionMethod(MethodInfo methodInfo); protected virtual void InvokeActionMethod(MethodInfo methodInfo); protected virtual bool OnError(string actionName, protected virtual bool OnError(string actionName, MethodInfo methodInfo, Exception exception); MethodInfo methodInfo, Exception exception); protected virtual void OnActionExecuted(FilterExecutedContext filterContext); protected virtual void OnActionExecuted(FilterExecutedContext filterContext); protected virtual bool OnActionExecuting(FilterExecutedContext filterContext); protected virtual bool OnActionExecuting(FilterExecutedContext filterContext); protected virtual void RedirectToAction(object values); protected virtual void RedirectToAction(object values); protected virtual void RenderView(string viewName, protected virtual void RenderView(string viewName, string masterName, object viewData); string masterName, object viewData);}

Scenarios, Goals and Design: Are for rendering/output. Pre-defined and extensible rendering helpers Can use.ASPX,.ASCX,.MASTER, etc. Can replace with other view technologies: Template engines (NVelocity, Brail, …). Output formats (images, RSS, JSON, …). Mock out for testing. Controller sets data on the View Loosely typed or strongly typed data

View Engines render output You get WebForms by default Can implement your own MVCContrib has ones for Brail, Nvelocity NHaml is an interesting one to watch View Engines can be used to Offer new DSLs to make HTML easier to write Generate totally different mime/types Images RSS, JSON, XML, OFX, etc. VCards, whatever.

ViewEngineBase public abstract class ViewEngineBase { public abstract class ViewEngineBase { public abstract void RenderView(ViewContext viewContext); public abstract void RenderView(ViewContext viewContext); }

Page Language="C#" MasterPageFile="~/Views/Shared/Site.Master" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeBehind="List.aspx" Inherits="MvcApplication5.Views.Products.List" Title="Products" %> CodeBehind="List.aspx" Inherits="MvcApplication5.Views.Products.List" Title="Products" %> ( ) ( ) </asp:Content>

%h2= ViewData.CategoryName %ul - foreach (var product in ViewData.Products) %li = product.ProductName.editlink = Html.ActionLink("Edit", new { Action="Edit", ID=product.ProductID }) = Html.ActionLink("Add New Product", new { Action="New" }) - foreach (var product in ViewData.Products) %li = product.ProductName.editlink = Html.ActionLink("Edit", new { Action="Edit", ID=product.ProductID }) = Html.ActionLink("Add New Product", new { Action="New" })

Scenarios, Goals and Design: Hook creation of controller instance Dependency Injection. Object Interception. public interface IControllerFactory { IController CreateController(RequestContext context, string controllerName); } protected void Application_Start(object s, EventArgs e) { ControllerBuilder.Current.SetControllerFactory( typeof(MyControllerFactory)); }

Scenarios, Goals and Design: Mock out views for testing Replace ASPX with other technologies public interface IViewEngine { void RenderView(ViewContext context); } Inside controller class: this.ViewEngine = new XmlViewEngine(...); RenderView("foo", myData);