Warm Up 9/22/14 1.What three documents limited the power of the English monarchy? 2.Describe the Glorious Revolution of England. 3.What document did William and Marry have to sign before they could become King and Queen?

Warm Up 9/26/13 1. In which of the following documents is the principle of limitation of governmental power first stated? A. Magna Carta B. Declaration of Independence C. English Bill of Rights D. French Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen

2. In English history, the Magna Carta (1215), the Petition of Right (1628), and the Bill of Rights (1689), all reinforced the concept of A.universal suffrage. B.religious toleration. C.a limited monarchy. D.a laissez-faire economy.

Warm Up 9/23/14 1.What are the three natural rights that everyone is entitled to, and who came up with this idea? 2.Read “Two Treatises of Government” on page 59 and answer both Thinking Critically questions.

Warm Up 9/30/13 1.Who believed government should be divided into three branches, what are those three branches? 2.What was Rousseau’s main idea?

Warm Up 9/25/14 1.Describe how John Locke’s ideas influenced democratic revolutions around the world. 2.How did the ideas of Montesquieu influence America?

The Enlightenment

Standard Compare the major ideas of philosophers and their effects on the democratic revolutions in England, the United States, France and Latin America (e.g. John Locke, Charles Louis Montesquieu, Jean- Jacques Rousseau, Simon Bolivar, Thomas Jefferson, James Madison)

Objective Students will chart the major ideas of the following enlightenment philosopher John Locke, Thomas Hobbes, Montesquieu, Voltaire, and Rousseau.

Enlightenment Starts in Great Britain

Spreads to American 13 Colonies Enlightenment Starts in Great Britain

1700s Spreads to the rest of Europe 1700s Spreads to American 13 Colonies Enlightenment 1600s,Starts in Great Britain 1800s, Spread to Latin America 1789 French Revolution

John Locke Thomas Hobbes Montesquieu Voltaire Rousseau Main Idea: Written Works What type of government

Enlightenment Use reason to understand social, economic, and political problems.

*John Locke* Believed people were reasonable and moral. Believed all humans were entitled to Natural Rights such as life, liberty, and property.

John Locke Wrote Two Treatises of Government The best government had limited power and was accepted by all citizens

John Locke People have the right to overthrow their government if it violates peoples natural rights Influenced leaders of the American Revolution, such as Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, and James Madison.

John Locke = Life, Liberty, and Property

Thomas Hobbes Outlined his ideas in his book Leviathan People are naturally cruel, greedy, and selfish.

Thomas Hobbes People must enter a “social contract,” an agreement to give up freedom for an organized society. Only a powerful government could ensure an orderly society. He favored an absolute monarchy

Hobbes= people are bad and need a strong government to control them.

*Baron de Montesquieu* Studied government throughout history and throughout Europe. Criticized absolute monarchies.

Montesquieu In his book, The Spirit of Laws, he shared his idea of a government with three branches. Legislative, Judicial, and Executive with each one holding power over the other creating a system of Checks and Balances

Montesquieu = checks and balances through the separation of powers (Three branches of government Legislative, Judicial, and Executive)

Voltaire Spent his life writing about political and religious freedom. “My trade is to say what I think” With his pen he battled inequality, injustice, and superstition.

Voltaire= Freedom of speech and religion

Jean Jacques Rousseau People are naturally good but quickly corrupted by the evils of society especially the unequal distribution of society. Do you agree or disagree with this statement?

Rousseau In The Social Contract Rousseau argued that society places too many limitations on peoples behavior. Only freely elected governments should impose controls.

Rousseau= Only freely elected governments should exercise minimal control over the people.

Women and the Enlightenment Women’s arguments were ridiculed and condemned. Mary Wollstonecraft argued for equal education. Only education would give women the tools they needed to be equal in life.

John Locke Thomas Hobbes Montesquieu Voltaire Rousseau Life, liberty, and, property The Two Treatises of Government Democracy People need a strong government Leviathan Absolute Monarchy Checks and Balances The Spirit of Laws Republic with three branches of government Freedom of Speech and Religion Plays, poems, essays, etc, Democracy Government should have little power and always be elected The Social Contract Republic

New Economic Thinking Laissez Faire (les ay FEHR): Allowing businesses to run with little or no government interference. Adam Smith = father of capitalism -Believed the concept of supply and demand ensure that the economy thrived.

Capitalism: Economics system of private (individual) ownership of businesses for private profit. That’s my idea Adam Smith Free market will produce more goods at lower prices due to competition.

Warm Up 9/26/14 Read Pg 17 1.Who believed the people had the right to overthrow their government? 2. What was Montesquieu’s main idea who did he influence? 3.Who edited the encyclopedia and what were its articles about? Read page What was the significance of salons?

Read page What was the significance of salons?