LIVE INTERACTIVE YOUR DESKTOP November 7, 2011 NASA Temperature & Earth Climate Course: Modeling Hot and Cold Planets Presented by: Alissa Keil

NASAExplorerSchools What Determines a Planet’s Climate? Temperature and Earth Climate: Modeling Hot and Cold Planets

NASAExplorerSchools Overview of Session NASA Explorer Schools Virtual Campus Introduction to the Earth Climate Course A. Modeling of hot and cold planets B. Experimenting with computer models C. Exploring the affects of atmosphere on planetary temperatures Temperature and Earth Climate: Modeling Hot and Cold Planets

NASAExplorerSchools Have you looked at the NES website? √ Yes X No

NASAExplorerSchools NASA Explorer School Virtual Campus

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Earth Climate Website ccm/eccm_teacher_2.pdf

NASAExplorerSchools Our World “Take AIM at Climate Change” video Hw7s54E

NASAExplorerSchools Questions?

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Temperature and Earth Climate: Modeling Hot and Cold Planets What Determines a Planet’s Climate?

NASAExplorerSchools A.Overview B.Science content C.Science Skills - 1. Experimental design and measurement 2. Data analysis and mathematical reasoning 3. Systems thinking, modeling, and technology Temperature and Earth Climate: Modeling Hot and Cold Planets

NASAExplorerSchools National Science Education Content Standard D: Earth and Space Science Earth in the Solar System Earth is third planet from Sun Sun is the major source of energy Reasons for the seasons Temperature and Earth Climate: Modeling Hot and Cold Planets

NASAExplorerSchools Temperature and Earth Climate: Modeling Hot and Cold Planets Activity A: Modeling Hot and Cold Planets Lesson Set-up and Materials Physical model – how it’s helpful to understand science concept

NASAExplorerSchools Modeling Hot and Cold Planets- Set-up Each Group: Light and dark craft sand 2 plastic containers Energy source watt heat lamp Adjustable lamp stand Thermometer Stop watch Plastic wrap/plastic bag

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Distances Recommendations 20 cm distance from the light - Take temperatures at 5,10 and 15 minutes 50 cm distance from the light - Take temperatures at 5,10 and 15 minutes 80 cm distance from the light - Take temperatures at 5,10 and 15 minutes Convert all units to metric (conversion formulas are helpful)

NASAExplorerSchools How many

NASAExplorerSchools Temperature and Earth Climate: Modeling Hot and Cold Planets Factors Influencing a Planets Temperature Energy from the sun What is in the atmosphere Amount of water Distance from the sun

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Temperature and Earth Climate: Modeling Hot and Cold Planets Synthesis 1.What are the strengths and limitations of physical models? 2.How well do you think physical models simulate the actual temperature differences found on real cold and hot planets, in particular - Venus and Mars? 3.What alternative ways of modeling are there?

NASAExplorerSchools Climate vs. Weather What is the difference between weather and climate? Describe the climate where you live. What factors do you think influence the climate of Earth? Temperature and Earth Climate: Modeling Hot and Cold Planets

NASAExplorerSchools Temperature and Earth Climate: Modeling Hot and Cold Planets Lesson Procedure video

NASAExplorerSchools Do you think the distance away from the light/heat source have an effect on a planet’s temperature? If so, what effect? {type in chat} √ Yes X No Temperature and Earth Climate: Modeling Hot and Cold Planets

NASAExplorerSchools Questions?

NASAExplorerSchools Computer Model EARTH CLIMATE COURSE /eccm/model/

NASAExplorerSchools Temperature and Earth Climate: Modeling Hot and Cold Planets Activity B: Experimenting with Computer Models Lesson Set-up and Materials Physical model – how it’s helpful to understand science concept

NASAExplorerSchools Temperature and Earth Climate: Modeling Hot and Cold Planets Computer model

NASAExplorerSchools Temperature and Earth Climate: Modeling Hot and Cold Planets Learning Objectives By the end of this activity, students should be able to: Describe an equilibrium temperature. Identify the factors leading to an equilibrium temperature. Relate the temperature of an object to the energy it emits. Relate the temperature of an object to the reflectivity of its surface. Identify major energy inputs and outputs of a system. State and apply the Law of Conservation of Energy. Qualitatively relate “distance from the source” to the “energy incident upon an object.” Describe relative strengths and limitations of physical and computer models.

NASAExplorerSchools Temperature and Earth Climate: Modeling Hot and Cold Planets Materials needed for Activity B A Windows or Apple based PC A web browser enabled with Java Version 1.3 or higher (Any Mac with OS X version 10.2 or better will include Java 1.3. Windows users may have to download and install the runtime version of Java from You will need Administrator rights for this installation.) The courseware (a Java applet) loaded into your web browser: available at – see Education Tools, Earth Climate Course Computer Models for Module 1.

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Temperature and Earth Climate: Modeling Hot and Cold Planets Because the temperature of the models (or other systems) remains constant, what must be true about the energy inputs and outputs of the system? What happens to the energy going into the system?

NASAExplorerSchools Temperature and Earth Climate: Modeling Hot and Cold Planets Law of Conservation of Energy Inverse Square Law

NASAExplorerSchools Temperature and Earth Climate: Modeling Hot and Cold Planets

NASAExplorerSchools What are the average temperatures for… …

NASAExplorerSchools Questions?

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Distance

NASAExplorerSchools Graph

NASAExplorerSchools Variables students can control

NASAExplorerSchools You Try It! When the web tour opens do the following: Run the simulation with the default variables by clicking the ‘start’ button. Change each of the variables – room temperature, reflection coefficient, source power and distance, one at a time, then start again and see what happens. Temperature and Earth Climate: Modeling Hot and Cold Planets

NASAExplorerSchools Share Your Results! Type in the chat box and share your observations! Temperature and Earth Climate: Modeling Hot and Cold Planets

NASAExplorerSchools Questions?

NASAExplorerSchools Role of the Atmosphere Temperature and Earth Climate: Modeling Hot and Cold Planets

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Data Collection 15 Earth Observing Satellites Information on: Atmosphere Atmospheric Radiation Biosphere Cryosphere Oceans Land Surface

NASAExplorerSchools TERRA Collect information on Earth’s changing climate AQUA Collecting information on water in the Earth system Studies the fluxes of radiation from the Sun and from the Earth that combine to constitute the Earth’s radiation balance CERES Sensor-Cloud and Earth’s Radiant Energy System Measure the total thermal radiation budget

NASAExplorerSchools S EASONAL C HANGES IN E NERGY ?d1=CERES_NETFLUX_M#

NASAExplorerSchools National Polar-Orbiting Operational Environmental Satellite System (NPOESS) Preparatory Project (NPP) Launched October 28 Orbit 14 times a day Will observe nearly the entire surface of Earth!

NASAExplorerSchools Basic Parts of the Radiation Budget * Solar Incident Energy * Solar Reflected Energy * Earth Emitted Energy

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Summary What key concepts should the students learn from these experiments? What determines a planet’s climate?

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NEON

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National Science Teachers Association Dr. Francis Q. Eberle, Executive Director Zipporah Miller, Associate Executive Director Conferences and Programs Al Byers, Assistant Executive Director e-Learning LIVE INTERACTIVE YOUR DESKTOP NSTA Web Seminars Paul Tingler, Director Jeff Layman, Technical Coordinator