Introduction to Diabetes

Homeostasis Internal stability within the body Metabolic processes occur within normal ranges Homeostasis disrupted = disease or illness Example: Diabetes

What is Insulin? Very Important Protein (hormone) Regulates glucose entering cells Created by the Pancreas Controls blood sugar Lack of insulin function = Diabetes

So What? Without insulin, cells do not take in the glucose they need for energy. If the cell becomes resistant to insulin (type 2 diabetes) it has the same effect as if there was not insulin present; the cells do not take in glucose from the blood.

Who Gets Diabetes? 20.6 Million Americans have it! 1 in 250 Americans Pictures from Microsoft Clip Art:

Answer? Anyone Can!! Pictures from Microsoft Clip Art:

Types of Diabetes Type 1: Insulin-Deficient Diabetes old name: Juvenile Diabetes Type 2: Insulin-Resistant Diabetes old name: Adult Onset Diabetes

Did You Know…. Worldwide: ,000,000 known to be diabetic ,000,000 expected to be diabetic 2005 – 1 million people died from diabetes

Did You Know… In the U.S – 17,702,000 known to be diabetic 2030 – 30,317,000 expected 1/3 of adults do not know they have it $132 billion health care cost – age of onset getting younger

Did You Know… 50% of diabetics will have heart disease 12% of diabetics will suffer serious vision loss early on 75% of diabetics will suffer serious vision loss after 15 years 1/10 of U.S. health care dollars are spent to treat diabetes

The Good News Better treatments Earlier diagnosis Proactive early intervention techniques New Research But: There is no cure. Yet!

Understanding Diabetes Look at role of: –Food –Macromolecules –Metabolism –Feedback loops –Blood sugar concentration –Insulin