The Breakdown of Matter Matter Anything with MASS & VOLUME (solid, liquid, gas) Pure Substances Mixtures EQ: How can matter be classified?

MIXTURES Mixtures = two or more substances PHYSICALLY combined. Can be PHYSICALLY separated

Heterogeneous Mixtures Hetero = different Hetero = different Geneous = origin or beginning Geneous = origin or beginning has separations and/or boundaries has separations and/or boundaries can see to different parts can see to different parts Are ALL mixtures Are ALL mixtures

Homogeneous Mixtures Homeo = same Homeo = same Geneous = origin or beginning Geneous = origin or beginning matter of the SAME make-up matter of the SAME make-up (no boundaries) (no boundaries)

Homogeneous Mixtures HomogeneousMixtures Solutions Others  alloys, colloids, etc.

Homogeneous Mixtures HomogeneousMixtures Solutions SoluteSolvent

Solutions EQ: What are the essential components of solutions? Homogeneous mixtures Homogeneous mixtures Physically NOT chemically combined Physically NOT chemically combined Solute = the substance BEING dissolved Solute = the substance BEING dissolved Solvent = the substance DOING the dissolving Solvent = the substance DOING the dissolving

Examples of Solutions Alloys = solid mixture or solution (brass, 14K gold, steel) Alloys = solid mixture or solution (brass, 14K gold, steel) Air = gas mixture or solution Air = gas mixture or solution Liquid solutions = sweet tea, coffee, milk, tap water Liquid solutions = sweet tea, coffee, milk, tap water EQ: Why is water the universal solvent?

Solution Properties Soluble = the solute is able to dissolve in the solvent Soluble = the solute is able to dissolve in the solvent Insoluble = the solute is NOT able to dissolve in the solvent Insoluble = the solute is NOT able to dissolve in the solvent

Descriptions of a Solution Diluted Solutions = small amount of solute and/or a large amount of solvent Diluted Solutions = small amount of solute and/or a large amount of solvent Concentrated Solutions = large amount of solute and/or a small amount of solvent Concentrated Solutions = large amount of solute and/or a small amount of solvent Saturated Solution = a solution that will NOT dissolve any more solute Saturated Solution = a solution that will NOT dissolve any more solute

An increase in temperature will allow more solute to dissolve in a solvent. The molecules of the solvent move faster and further apart allowing more room for more solute molecules.

3 2 1 Name three properties of solutions : 1. __________________________________ 2. __________________________________ 3. __________________________________ Name two types of mixtures & two types of pure substances. 1. ____________________________________ 2. ____________________________________ What is the one key in distinguishing between homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures 1. _____________________________________

Pure Substances ElementsCompounds

chemically pure substances chemically pure substances only one part or one kind of matter only one part or one kind of matter Elements = found on the periodic table Elements = found on the periodic table Compounds = 2 or more elements that have combined CHEMICALLY Compounds = 2 or more elements that have combined CHEMICALLY EQ: How are atoms, molecules & ions alike and how are they different?

Elements EQ: What are the real-life examples of molecules, atoms & ions? 90 natural occurring elements 90 natural occurring elements found on the periodic table found on the periodic table Atoms = smallest part of an element Atoms = smallest part of an element represented by symbols represented by symbols

Compounds 2 or more elements that have combined CHEMICALLY 2 or more elements that have combined CHEMICALLY Molecules = smallest part of a compound Molecules = smallest part of a compound represented by formulas represented by formulas