Culture Culture trait Culture hearths Culture region Material culture Non-material culture Cultural diffusion Cultural landscape Acculturation Assimilation Sequent occupance
Way of life defined by values, beliefs, behaviors, and material objects Material culture: things we take care of Non-Material: things we believe in
Relocation diffusion Expansion diffusion Contagious; Hierarchical; Stimulus Acculturation A dominant culture imposing traits on a weaker culture (may adopt traits from weaker culture) Transculturation Cultural contact/exchange on near equal basis
Describe the location of each culture hearth on the map.
Primary Culture Hearths of the World: Fertile Crescent (8000 BCE) India (7000 BCE) Huang Ho (5000 BCE) West Africa (2000 BCE) Mesoamerica & S. America ( BCE)
Columbian Exchange: DEFINITION the radical diffusion of: - people - animals - ideas * plants & food crops * pathogens
Columbian Exchange: DEMOGRAPHICS New World: disaster - smallpox, measles, influenza, etc. - 90% mortality million dead - adult losses = esp. devastating
Columbian Exchange: DEMOGRAPHICS Old World: boon - new crops = population explosion - growth of 475 million! - European pol & econ expansion WORLD HEGEMONY Major Acculturation
Corn (maize) Wild rice Beans (navy, cranberry, black, kidney, lima) Peanuts White potatoes Sweet potatoes Pumpkins Winter squash Blueberries, Cranberries Strawberries* Cherries* Grapes* Raspberries* blackberries Black walnuts Pecans Turkey Chilies Chocolate (Mexico) Vanilla (Mexico) Maple Sugar Honey* * certain varieties of these items also are indigenous to the Old World
wheat Oats Rice (from Asia) grapes olives Bananas Coffee Citrus fruit Grapes (wine) Horse cows pigs chickens sheep goats ox Smallpox Influenza Measles Typhus Malaria Whooping Cough
In your notes: Write 5 sentences explaining the Columbian Exchange. Use the following terms: ▪ Acculturation ▪ Transculturation ▪ Cultural traits ▪ Cultural diffusion ▪ Material and Non-material culture Share these 5 sentences with a partner, compare what you wrote