Cold War & The New Red Scare SS.A.3.4.9; SS.A3.4.10.

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Presentation transcript:

Cold War & The New Red Scare SS.A.3.4.9; SS.A3.4.10

Communism In Asia ► 1949: Mao Zedong wins Chinese Revolution  China turns to Communism  Chinese Nationalists flee to exile in Taiwan ► Japan now seen as best chance to defend against Communism in Asia  U.S. sets Japan on path to fast economic recovery ► After the war U.S. & U.S.S.R. split Korea  Soviets est. Communist government in North  U.S. est. democratic/capitalist gov. in South ► 1950: North Korea invades the South  Truman sees invasion as test of “containment”

The Korean War ► N. Koreans push U.S. & S. Korean forces to small pocket of land near Pusan ► Gen. MacArthur invades Korea, pushes N.K. troops to Chinese border with UN help ► China enters the war to help the North  MacArthur wants to declare war on China, team with Nationalists, and use atomic bombs on China ► Truman refuses, Mac criticizes Truman, Truman fires Mac ► Truman believes in “limited war”

War Ends ► 1951: Dwight D. Eisenhower is president  Travels to Korea, wants war over  Hints of using atomic bomb on China ► China says it wants peace ► Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) ► SEATO Alliance in 1954 ► Policy of containment shifts from political pressure to military buildup strategy

The New Red Scare ► Fear of Communist subversion ► Truman’s loyalty review program ► J. Edgar Hoover & House Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC) hearings  Hollywood, Whittaker Chambers & Alger Hiss, The Rosenbergs, Project Venona ► The Red Scare spreads  Fear of Communism grows through the 1950s

McCarthyism ► Sen. Joseph McCarthy raises tension  “205 names” of Communists ► Sec. of State Acheson & Gen. George C. Marshall ► The McCarran Act  Truman’s veto overridden, many provisions weakened by Supreme Court rulings ► McCarthy’s anti-Communist hearings  Joseph Welch  McCarthy is censured by the Senate

Life During the Early Cold War ► Fearing the bomb & fallout ► Anti-Communism in the media  Cold War themes & propaganda  John Hersey’s Hiroshima  I Was a Communist for the FBI  The Crucible  Comic Books & Cartoons